Parviz Padisar; Roya Naseh; Mohammad Jalilvand
Abstract
Aim: Assessment of patient's motivations requesting orthodontic treatment can help clinicians in meeting the needs and expectations of patients and attain a successful treatment result.Objective: The present study was carried out in 2008 to provide data regarding motives of patients coming to specialized ...
Read More
Aim: Assessment of patient's motivations requesting orthodontic treatment can help clinicians in meeting the needs and expectations of patients and attain a successful treatment result.Objective: The present study was carried out in 2008 to provide data regarding motives of patients coming to specialized orthodontic clinics of Qazvin for treatment.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 300 patients aged 12 years old and more (27.3% males, 72.7% females, the mean age: 19.61 years) were studied. Age, gender, parents’ level of education, and father’s occupation, motives for improving teeth and face components; and the location of pain and discomfort were evaluated. The correlation between motives and different socioeconomic factors were assessed using Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Results: Alignment of the anterior teeth was the most frequent motive regarding the teeth (89.3%). However, for face components ,it was improving teeth and gingival view during smiling (18.7%). Significant correlations were noted between patients' gender and motivation to align anterior teeth (p<0.009), movement of the lip (p<0.01), change of the nose length (p<0.002) and position (p<0.03) while females had higher motivation for these changes. As mothers’ level of education increased, the motivation to change the height of anterior teeth (p<0.03), improving the teeth and gingival appearance during smiling (p<0.001), decreasing the lip or chin tension in the closure of the lips (p<0.05) and decreasing the prominence or width of the mandible toward the mouth (p<0.01) decreased significantly. Conclusion: Alignment of anterior teeth and improving the teeth or gingival appearance during smiling were found to be major motives for requesting orthodontic treatments.
Bahman Seraj; Hoorieh Bashizadeh; Arghavan Tonkaboni; Mohsen Shirazi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Assessment of skeletal maturity is an integral part of interceptive diagnosis and treatment planning. The present method of skeletal maturity assessment like handwrist or cervical vertebrae radiographies are expensive, require elaborate equipment and account for high radiation exposure, ...
Read More
Background and Aim: Assessment of skeletal maturity is an integral part of interceptive diagnosis and treatment planning. The present method of skeletal maturity assessment like handwrist or cervical vertebrae radiographies are expensive, require elaborate equipment and account for high radiation exposure, especially for growing children. This study tried to consider the value of the 2nd primary molar in growth stage.
Material and Method: 40 samples aged 8-13 were tested by their panoramic and handwrist radiographs.
Result and Conclusion: there was a coincidence between presence calcified sesamoid and 2nd primary molar as the last tooth. The result showed that it could be a reliable index to predict the growth stage in 1st visit without radiography. (IJO 2006; 1: 58 - 60)
Mohammad Hossein Toodeh zaim; Hossein Ahga Aghili; Zohre Tahatabaei; Zahra Yousefzade
Abstract
Aim: Prediction of mesiodistal width of unerupted permanent canines and premolars in mixed dentition period is necessary for space analysis. Use of panoramic radiographs instead of periapical radiographs in space analysis decreases the cost and X-ray exposure. The aim of this study was prediction of ...
Read More
Aim: Prediction of mesiodistal width of unerupted permanent canines and premolars in mixed dentition period is necessary for space analysis. Use of panoramic radiographs instead of periapical radiographs in space analysis decreases the cost and X-ray exposure. The aim of this study was prediction of mesiodistal width of unerupted permanent canine and premolars by panoramic radiographs.Materials and Method: Panoramic radiographs and dental casts of 60 orthodontic patients were selected. The largest mesiodistal width of dental crown of upper and lower canines and premolars on the panoramic and dental cast and also mesiodistal width of lower incisors on dental cast were measured, SPSS was used and data were analyzed by Pearson's coefficient correlation between panoramic, cast and linear regression analysis and paired sample T-test.Results: R for predication of total unilateral mesiodistal width of permanent canine and premolars from cast and panoramic in upper jaw was 0.589 and in lower jaw was 0.69l. R for prediction of mesiodistal width for unerupted canine and premolars by use of lower incisors width from dental cast and radiographic width of upper permanent canine for upper jaw and lower second premolar far lower jaw were respectively 0.664 and 0.999.Conclusion: Based on introduced linear equation for prediction of mesiodistal width of canine and premolars, the best equation resulted from use of lower incisor width from dental cast and one radiographic agent which is canine in upper arch and second premolar in lower arch.
Ahmad Sodagar; Sepideh Arab
Abstract
Aim: Accurate information about the normal dentofacial pattern of the patients' ethnic group is of critical importance for diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to determine hard tissue cephalometric norms for Iranian adolescents.Materials and Methods: Cephalometric radiographs ...
Read More
Aim: Accurate information about the normal dentofacial pattern of the patients' ethnic group is of critical importance for diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to determine hard tissue cephalometric norms for Iranian adolescents.Materials and Methods: Cephalometric radiographs of 60 Iranian adolescents (38 girls and 22 boys) were analyzed regarding 4 common cephalometric analyses. Mean values and standard deviations were compared with those of original analyses.Results: Average Iranian adolescents revealed more protrusive maxillary and mandibular incisors, flatter mandibular plane with a tendency to deep bite and more acute gonial angle. SNA and SNB were less in Iranian sample. In addition, posterior to anterior facial height ratio was higher in Iranians.Conclusion: Some hard tissue cephalometric norms are specific for racial groups. More protrusive incisors in Iranians might indicate more possibility of non-extraction treatment planning for this population.
Abu-hussein Muhamad
Abstract
Apert syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, mental retardation, mid-facial malformations, and syndactyly. The developmental disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, though most cases are sporadic. Approximately 75 percent of Apert's patients ...
Read More
Apert syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, mental retardation, mid-facial malformations, and syndactyly. The developmental disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, though most cases are sporadic. Approximately 75 percent of Apert's patients suffering from dental anomalies suffer from cleft palate or bifid uvula. Cleft palates are common congenital disorders of the upper mouth, and occur when the palatal plates fails to join together during the second month of fetal development. This research paper focuses on the roles played by the craniofacial team in the management of secondary palates in children with Apert's syndrome.The consequences of Apert's disorders can be severe, long lasting, and sometimes incomprehensible even to the sufferers. But this study has aptly shown that the suffering can be averted, especially if proper corrective strategies are taken as early as possible. However, these strategies must fundamentally revolve around a multidisciplinary approach to sufferers of Apert's syndrome. This study looks into the roles played by the craniofacial team in the management of Apert-related complications such as Cleft lips and palates. The team is made up of the geneticist, speech language pathologist, audiologist, plastic surgeon, dentist, and orthodontist
Fariborz Amini; Reyhaneh Hedayat
Abstract
Aim: The main goal of this research was to evaluate the sagittal and vertical effects of Hyrax (tooth born) and Haas (tooth-tissue born) rapid palatal expanders on dentoskeletal structures of patients with maxillary constriction characterized by bilateral posterior cross bite.
Materials and methods: ...
Read More
Aim: The main goal of this research was to evaluate the sagittal and vertical effects of Hyrax (tooth born) and Haas (tooth-tissue born) rapid palatal expanders on dentoskeletal structures of patients with maxillary constriction characterized by bilateral posterior cross bite.
Materials and methods: A nonrondomized clinical trail of 22 patients 12 to 14 years old (mean age 12.5 years) with maxillary constriction, who were divided into two groups, was undertaken. Group-I consisted of 11 patients who received treatment by Hyrax type rapid palatal expander (RPE). Group- II composed 0111 patients who received treatment by Haas RPE. Two lateral cephalograms were taken, one before and the other after the palatal cusps of the upper posterior teeth reached the buccal cusps of lower posteriors consequent to expansion. The activation period lasted from 12-16 days with a mean value of 13.5 days. On each lateral cephalogram 8 linear and 10 angular parameters were measured, recorded and compared to a nearest of 0.5 mm and 0.5 degree respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using Kolomogrovsmirnov and paired t-test. A student t-test was used for comparison of two group.
Results: In both groups significant increases in lower anterior facial height were observed. The value (ANS-ME) was increased 1.30mm in Hyrax (P=0.009) and 1.80mm in Haas group (P=0.032). Statistically neither of the appliances showed a significant effects on sagital position of the maxilla. The mandible was rotated downward and backwards. SNB angle decreases 0.65 and 0.43 degrees in Hyrax and Haas group respectively. ANB angle was increased by means of 0.60 degree (p= 0.030) in Hyrax and 0.53 degree (p=0.08) in Haas group.
Conclussion: The maxilla kept its position sagitally, pre to post treatments, but showed inferior displacement in both groups. The mandible displayed a tendency to rotate downward and backward in both groups. Upper anteriors tipped palatally. (IJO 2006; 1: 61 - 65)
Fariborz Amini; Maral Khazali; Farhang Mahmodei; Siamak Hematpour
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine salivary concentrations of Nickel , Chromium and Cobalt ions in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on salivary samples of 60 subjects including 30 subjects (20 females and 10 males) who were ...
Read More
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine salivary concentrations of Nickel , Chromium and Cobalt ions in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on salivary samples of 60 subjects including 30 subjects (20 females and 10 males) who were under orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance for average of 1.5 to 2 years as study group and 30 individuals(20 females and 10 males) without any appliance therapy as control group. The chemical analyses of saliva was done with an electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry to detect the metal ion content of the saliva. The Mann-Whitney u-test was used to analyze significance of the differences between two groups. Results: Examining the content of Nickel in the saliva of orthodontic patients and controls, the Nickel content of saliva in study group was significantly higher than the controls (p < 0.01). The mean salivary Chromium content was 13.60 ± 7.30 ng ⁄ ml, and 1.40 ± 4.80 ng/ml in subjects with and without orthodontic appliances respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups (P < 0.002).Conclusion: fixed orthodontic appliances release measurable amount of Nickel and Cobalt when placed in the mouth however; this increase doesn’t reach toxic levels in saliva.
Mahtab Nouri; Amin Aminian; Majid Heidarpour; Alireza Akbarzadeh Bagheban; Reza Massudi
Abstract
Aims: Comparison of 3D laser scanning and 2D conventional scanning in analysis of arch dimensions.
Methods: Twenty setups of upper and lower casts were duplicated in 20 corresponding dental stone models. 3D laser scanner was constructed in Shahid Beheshti University, and then casts were scanned with ...
Read More
Aims: Comparison of 3D laser scanning and 2D conventional scanning in analysis of arch dimensions.
Methods: Twenty setups of upper and lower casts were duplicated in 20 corresponding dental stone models. 3D laser scanner was constructed in Shahid Beheshti University, and then casts were scanned with this machine. 2D scanning was performed by conventional scanner. Intercanine and intermolar widths and canine and molar depth were calculated directly on casts by digital caliper and on both scans. The mean differences between these three methods were evaluated by repeated measure analysis of variance and between each pair by paired t-test.Results: The correlation between intercanine and intermolar widths of all three modalities were higher than 0.9, but for canine and molar depths the correlation was not so strong and for canine depth was the weakest (R=0.45).The differences between intercanine and intermolar widths of all three modalities for upper and lower casts were significant, but for canine (and molar) depths, only the difference between 3D and direct technique for the upper casts was significant (P < 0.05). The highest recorded differences for intercanine and intermolar widths and molar and canine depths were 0.67, 0.42, 0.59 and 0.71 mm respectively.Conclusions: Digital models are valid reliable clinical tools for arch dimension evaluations. In addition, the most reliable measurements are intercanine and intermolar widths.
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Aliasghar Soleimani
Abstract
Aim: Malocclusion may be caused by tooth size discrepancy and it is impossible to achieve perfect treatment results without regarding this etiologic factor. The aim of present study was to determining and comparing the mesiodistal width of permanent teeth in normal occlusion group and patients with class ...
Read More
Aim: Malocclusion may be caused by tooth size discrepancy and it is impossible to achieve perfect treatment results without regarding this etiologic factor. The aim of present study was to determining and comparing the mesiodistal width of permanent teeth in normal occlusion group and patients with class 1 crowding malocclusion in Hamedan.
Material and Method: Based on Andrews normal occlusion criteria among 3335 students of Hamedan pre-university schools 32 persons were selected as normal group. In matched sex and range of age , 32 patients with class 1 crowding malocclusion were selected from a private office . Orthodontic dental casts of all samples were prepared. Mesiodistal width of all teeth (except 2nd molars), overbite, over-jet and Bolton indices were measured 3 times. Student t test and Mann whiteny u test were used for analysis.
Results: In crowding group the mesiodistal width of all teeth except for the first molars, were significantly greater than normal group specially in upper lateral incisors and lower premolars. Maxillary tooth material was 5.3 millimeter (p=0.0005) and mandibular tooth material was 5.4 millimeter (p=0.0036) greater in crowding patients. In crowding patients, overjet was significantly less and overbite was significantly more than normal group (p=0.0001) There was not significant difference in Bolton index between 2 groups.
Conclusion: It seems there is more crowding tendency in cases with large teeth. According to results. Bolton discrepancy (tooth size discrepancy) cannot be considered as a frequent factor in developing class 1 crowding. 2006; 1: 66 - 69)
Sarvin Sarmadi; Masomeh Esmaily; Farhad Sobouti
Abstract
Patients with midline or generalized diastema can be managed successfully by multidisciplinary approach. Our patient was managed by orthodontic, prosthodontic and restorative procedures. After orthodontic treatment, maxillayr labial frenectomy was done for this patient to reduce the possibility of relapse. ...
Read More
Patients with midline or generalized diastema can be managed successfully by multidisciplinary approach. Our patient was managed by orthodontic, prosthodontic and restorative procedures. After orthodontic treatment, maxillayr labial frenectomy was done for this patient to reduce the possibility of relapse. Restorative treatments were also performed to close the remaining spaces. After all, a fixed prosthodontic bridge was constructed to close the remaining posterior space.
Masoud Davoudian
Abstract
Aim: The rapid evolution of digital radiographic systems and digital tracing software is having an impact on cephalometrics, slowly replacing traditional hand-tracing methods on hard copies of radiographic films. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the reliability and reproducibility ...
Read More
Aim: The rapid evolution of digital radiographic systems and digital tracing software is having an impact on cephalometrics, slowly replacing traditional hand-tracing methods on hard copies of radiographic films. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the reliability and reproducibility of digitization using Onyxceph imaging software (Version 2.6.14) with conventional manual techniques. Materials and methods: Thirty lateral cephalograms of an office patients previously treated, randomly selected and were evaluated by two methods: manual tracing and indirect digitization using Onyxceph imaging software (Version 2.6.14). Method error (reliability) using duplicate measurements for each method, and comparison of both techniques (reproducibility), were investigated using alternative statistical methods, paired t-test and pearson’s Correlation.
Results: All the measurements showed good reliability in both methods except for nasolabial angle in the manual method. Between the two methods, sum of posterior angles measurement had statistically significant difference.
Conclusions: Onyxceph tracing software (version 2.6.14) can be used instead of the time consuming conventional method for lateral cephalometric analysis with good accuracy.
Valiollah Arash; Shaghayegh Bozorgzadeh
Abstract
Aim: Light cure composites are routinely used to attach orthodontic brackets, so bond strength and cure time must be considered. Ilowever, the disadvantages of the conventional halogen apparatus include heat and lengthy composite curing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare shear bond ...
Read More
Aim: Light cure composites are routinely used to attach orthodontic brackets, so bond strength and cure time must be considered. Ilowever, the disadvantages of the conventional halogen apparatus include heat and lengthy composite curing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets composite cured by plasma arc (PAC), conventional halogen (QTII), light- emitting diode (LED) and self-cure.Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, sixty premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes from patients tinder 18 years of age were collected and divided into four equal groups. In the first group, the brackets were bonded by self-cure composite. In the second, third, and fourth groups, they were bonded by halogen, LED and plasma arc, respectively. The samples were thcrmocycicd and finally the force required for brackt failure was measured. Shear bond strength was obtained by dividing the exerted force by the bracket base surface. AR1 (Adhesive Remnant Index) and EDI(Enamel Detachment index) were also evaluated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by TUKEY test.
Results: Average shear bond strengths were 14.7±5.4 MPa in the self—cure group, 14.6±5.3 MPa in the halogen group, 14.7±4.5 MPa in the LED group, and 14.2±5 MPa in the plasma group. There were no significant differences among the groups. EDI and AR1 did not differ between the light-cure and self-cure groups.
Conclusion: No significant difference was observed in shear bond strength among different methods of composite curing. Therefore, despite the high cost of plasma arc, it is recommended in order to reduce operation time.
Allahyar Geramy
Abstract
Aim: Introduction of new bracket designs in market and use with a range of inciso-apical dimension and base thickness arises a question in mind as "Is it necessary to standardize various bracket bases from torque delivery efficiency?"
Materials and Methods: Two bracket bases of different incio-apical ...
Read More
Aim: Introduction of new bracket designs in market and use with a range of inciso-apical dimension and base thickness arises a question in mind as "Is it necessary to standardize various bracket bases from torque delivery efficiency?"
Materials and Methods: Two bracket bases of different incio-apical dimension (3 and 6 mm.) and also two different base thicknesses (1.6 and 3.5 mm.) were modeled and moments were applied. All displacements along a defined incio-apical path were monitored to be evaluated.
Results and Conclusion: No difference was found between the displacements along the defined path in each phase of study. In this way, it was concluded that torque delivery of different brackets is not related to their base size (inciso-apical) and dimenson which is in complete agreement and confirmation of the principle of free vectors. (IJO 2006; 1: 71 - 74)
Amirfarhang Miresmaili; Nasrin Farhadian; Sanaz Soheilifar
Abstract
Aim: Class Ill skeletal deformity may be the result of mandibular prognathism and/or maxillary deficiency. In adult patients , orthognathic surgery is used for treatment. Historically, the surgical correction of class III deformities was achieved just by mandibular setback, but nowadays other methods ...
Read More
Aim: Class Ill skeletal deformity may be the result of mandibular prognathism and/or maxillary deficiency. In adult patients , orthognathic surgery is used for treatment. Historically, the surgical correction of class III deformities was achieved just by mandibular setback, but nowadays other methods of surgery are used. Orthosurgery treatments, in addition to improvement in masticatory function, occlusion and esthetics, may lead to changes in upper airway dimensions, position of hyoid, tongue and soft palate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cephalometric changes in upper airway dimensions of skeletal class III patients following orthodontic treatment and bimaxillary surgery.
Material and methods: In this retrospective study, pre-treatment and post-treatment (6-12 months after surgery) lateral cephalograms of skeletal class III patients were used for analysis. All of the patients of a private office in Hamadan who had the inclusion criteria were selected. Cephalograms were traced manually. All the measurements were done with ruler.Then paired t test was used for analysing the data.
Results: Changes in upper airway linear measurements, position of hyoid, base of tongue, soft palate size and angle. and craniocervical angle, were not statistically significant (p>0.05). But there was a significant increase in nasopharynx and oropharynx surface area (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment with bimaxillay surgery in surgical class III cases can increase surface area of oropharynx and nasopharynx, and it seems that there is no risk factor for breathing disorders.
Soghra Yassaei; Zohre Tabatabaei; Hossein Torabi
Abstract
Aim: Hyoid and its attached muscles involved in three basic functions: deglutition, phonation, respiration and control of pharyngeal spaces. The aim of this study was to valuate hyoid bone position in relation to facial growth pattern in class III malocclusion.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective ...
Read More
Aim: Hyoid and its attached muscles involved in three basic functions: deglutition, phonation, respiration and control of pharyngeal spaces. The aim of this study was to valuate hyoid bone position in relation to facial growth pattern in class III malocclusion.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive analytical study, performed on lateral ccphalograms of fifty patients with class III malocclusion with prognathic profile. Cephalograms were classified to three facial growth pattern groups so each group comprised of minimum 15 samples. T-test and ANOVA were used to compare the difference of mean value of growth pattern groups. P< 005 was considered as the level of significance.Results: The difference between means of ANB angle (0.78 degree) were significant (P=0.027) in three facial growth pattern groups. The indices determining the growth pattern were significantly different in three facial growth pattern groups (P<0.001). The findings showed a significant difference in H-RGN between three facial growth pattern groups and also showed no significant difference in H-Pal P, H-SN, H-Mand P, H-C3 between three growth pattern groups.Conclusion: The anteroposterior position of hyoid bone related to cervical colunm was not affected by facial growth pattern. But its antroposterior position related to mandible was affected by facial growth pattern. There were significant differences between hyoid bone position in three facial growth patterns. Vertical position of hyoid bone was not affected by facial growth pattern.
Nasrin Farhadian; Amir H. Momeni
Abstract
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners ...
Read More
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners on treat-ing the mild to moderate crowding.
Materials and Method: Three teenage patients with crowding not more than 6 millimeters were select-ed. After the preparation of orthodontic diagnostic records and filling the periodontal chart, manual teeth setup was carried out on working casts with a maximum 0.5 millimeter displacement. Aligners were made up of bioplast foils. The appliance was worn by patient full time for at least 2 weeks. Then the new one was made and this procedure was continued until complete tooth alignment. The last aligner was used as retainer for three months later. These variables were evaluated after treatment : dental alignment , over jet . overbite, inclination of upper & lower incisors, lips relation to E line, mandibular plan angle, clicking in TMJ, periodontal status and tooth pain. Active treatment period lasted between 3-5 months.
Results: Anterior crowding was completely corrected in all patients. Protrusion of upper & lower incisors were seen in lateral cephalograms. Overbite, mandibular plan angle and lips relation to E line did not change. Improvement of periodontal status were recorded in all patients. Low to moderate toothache was reported during the first 2 days .
Conclusion: Mild to moderate crowding could be corrected successfully with soft elastic foils (Serial Aligners) without deleterious effects on TMJ and periodontium however manual tooth setup was time consuming. (IJO 2006; 1: 75 - 78)
Nasrin Farhadian; Amir H. Momeni
Abstract
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners ...
Read More
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners on treat-ing the mild to moderate crowding.Materials and Method: Three teenage patients with crowding not more than 6 millimeters were select-ed. After the preparation of orthodontic diagnostic records and filling the periodontal chart, manual teeth setup was carried out on working casts with a maximum 0.5 millimeter displacement. Aligners were made up of bioplast foils. The appliance was worn by patient full time for at least 2 weeks. Then the new one was made and this procedure was continued until complete tooth alignment. The last aligner was used as retainer for three months later. These variables were evaluated after treatment : dental alignment , over jet . overbite, inclination of upper & lower incisors, lips relation to E line, mandibular plan angle, clicking in TMJ, periodontal status and tooth pain. Active treatment period lasted between 3-5 months.Results: Anterior crowding was completely corrected in all patients. Protrusion of upper & lower incisors were seen in lateral cephalograms. Overbite, mandibular plan angle and lips relation to E line did not change. Improvement of periodontal status were recorded in all patients. Low to moderate toothache was reported during the first 2 days .Conclusion: Mild to moderate crowding could be corrected successfully with soft elastic foils (Serial Aligners) without deleterious effects on TMJ and periodontium however manual tooth setup was time consuming. (IJO 2006; 1: 75 - 78)
Mojgan Kachoei; Ahmad Behroozian
Abstract
Aim: Sliding a tooth along an archwire involves a frictional force, causing a number of adverse effects like anchorage loss, excessive orthodontic forces, prolonged treatment time and damage to the roots. This is especially true in ceramic brackets where the friction is notoriously higher.Recently, wire ...
Read More
Aim: Sliding a tooth along an archwire involves a frictional force, causing a number of adverse effects like anchorage loss, excessive orthodontic forces, prolonged treatment time and damage to the roots. This is especially true in ceramic brackets where the friction is notoriously higher.Recently, wire coating with the different nanoparticles has been proposed to decrease the frictional forces. This study evaluated the friction force created between stainless steel
archwires coated with ZnO nanoparticles and ceramic brackets in vitro.Materials and Methods: Friction tests simulating archwire functioning of the coated and uncoated wires and ceramic brackets were carried out by an Instron machine.Control and case groups included uncoated and coated 0.019×0.025 stainless steel wires respectively. Coating was preformed by inserting stainless steel (SS) wires into solutions of ethanol + zinc oxide. The adhesion properties of the coated wires after friction were analyzed by SEM (scanning electron microscope).The frictional forces were compared usingMann-Whitney test.Results: In the control group (porcelain brackets + uncoated stainless steel wires) the mean friction force was 2.59 ± 0.37N whereas in case group (porcelain brackets + coated stainless steel wires) the mean friction force was 2.54 ±0.32 N. Although the friction force in coated wires was lower than uncoated wires; the difference between two groups was not statistically significant. (p=0.62). Conclusion: coating of stainless steel archwires with ZnO nanoparticles did notcause significant reduction in frictional forces between stainless steel arch wires and ceramic brackets.
Ladan Eslamian; Nasim Shams; Bahar Shams
Abstract
Aim: Awareness of orthodontic treatment need is very important in hygienic planning and dentistry insurance. This study determined the rate of orthodontic treatment need based on IOTN index in 12-16 year old patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in 4 Tehran dental schools and 2 orthodontic private ...
Read More
Aim: Awareness of orthodontic treatment need is very important in hygienic planning and dentistry insurance. This study determined the rate of orthodontic treatment need based on IOTN index in 12-16 year old patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in 4 Tehran dental schools and 2 orthodontic private offices in 2004-2006.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive research, study casts and charts for 209 patients aging 12-16 in 4 dental schools of Tehran and 2 orthodontic private offices were surveyed based on IOTN index in different ages and in terms of gender. Classifications (CI,II,III), overjet, openbite, deepbite, crossbite, contact displacement, supernumerary, ankylosed, impacted and missing teeth, cleft lip, cleft palate and lip, cleft palate, and facial asymmetry were evaluated, and compared with IOTN results achieved from 22, educational districts of Tehran. Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and ratio equality tests were used to analyze the data.Results: Among 209 patients under treatment, 22.5% needed very severe treatment (grade5), 33% severe(grade4), 4.36% average (grade3) and 8.2% needed less or no treatment (grades1&2). The number of girls being treated was more than boys (66.5%); most of the patients under treatment were 12 years old (67 persons= 32.1%); the most common causes of orthodontic treatment were contact displacement 57.4%, overjet 22.5 and deepbite 17.7%.Conclusion: Regarding treatment need among patients under treatment, we concluded that most of the treated patients needed treatment based on IOTN and the number of patients needing simple treatment was very small, so treatment decisions were made according to IOTN.
Faramarz Mojtahedzadeh
Shahla Momeni Danaei; Maryam Omidkhod; Morteza Oshagh; Yaser Kerdegari; Amirhosein Najafi
Abstract
Aim: The main goal of this study was to assess the need and demand for orthodontic treatment among 14-18-year-old students in Shiraz.Subjects and methods: 1818 students (965 boys, 853 girls) were selected by using random cluster sampling process from the four education district of Shiraz. The dental ...
Read More
Aim: The main goal of this study was to assess the need and demand for orthodontic treatment among 14-18-year-old students in Shiraz.Subjects and methods: 1818 students (965 boys, 853 girls) were selected by using random cluster sampling process from the four education district of Shiraz. The dental health (DHC) and aesthetic (AC) components of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need were used as an assessment measure of the need for orthodontic treatment, Also, a questionnaire about demographic characteristics was completed. The examinations were carried out by two calibrated orthodontic post-graduate students. The data were analyzed using the student t-test and chi-squared test.Results: The results showed 59.9% of students had "no need" for orthodontic treatment, 28.3% were in borderline category and 11.6% showed a definite need for an orthodontic treatment. Also, there was significant association between IOTN and father's education (P<0.003)Conclusions: Less than one - fifth of 14-18- year- old students in Shiraz were considered in great need of orthodontic treatment using DHC of IOTN and girls had significantly higher need for orthodontic treatment than boys. This study provides baseline data on the need and demand for orthodontic treatment which is important for planning public orthodontic and dental services.
Allahyar Geramy; Amir hooman Sadr Haghighi; Saeede Mokhtari Khoee
Abstract
Aim: Orthodontic treatment outcomes are combination of advantages and disadvantage. The force implied during treatment could affect dental pulp status. Amount of changes in pulp complex depend on the types of tooth movements and whether the apex is open or not. The aim of this study is to compare the ...
Read More
Aim: Orthodontic treatment outcomes are combination of advantages and disadvantage. The force implied during treatment could affect dental pulp status. Amount of changes in pulp complex depend on the types of tooth movements and whether the apex is open or not. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different orthodontic tooth movements in two kinds of open and normal apices by 3D Finite element analysis.
Materials and Methods: Two three-dimensional Finite element models of an upper central incisor were modeled based on average dimensions. The models contained cortical and spongy bone, uniform thickness PDL of 0.25 mm and an upper central incisor. The differences between the models was the apex development which was complete in the first model and open in the second one in Solid- works 2006 and transferred to ANSYS Workbench Ver. 11.0. Different force systems to produce tipping, bodily and intrusion were applied in the tooth crown. The Von Mises stress was assessed along two defined paths.
Results: Maximum amount of the stress along the long axis of pulp belonged to open apex by tipping movement then intrusion with normal apex and finally bodily movement in open apex samples. In evaluation as regard of stress along apical third of PDL the highest stress created by intrusion in normal apex group.
Conclusion: In open apex, tipping and bodily movement could induce much more stress and in normal apex the concern of root resorption by intrusion was more than other types of tooth movements.
Ladan Eslamian; Sara Youssefinia; Soode Mohseni
Abstract
Aim: Hearing impairment is one of the associated problems to cleft palate; although it affects language development, it has rarely been noticed in literature. The aim of this study is evaluating cleft palate patients’ hearing condition and the relationship of different incorporated elements with ...
Read More
Aim: Hearing impairment is one of the associated problems to cleft palate; although it affects language development, it has rarely been noticed in literature. The aim of this study is evaluating cleft palate patients’ hearing condition and the relationship of different incorporated elements with their hearing. Materials and methods: Forty-two patients with cleft palate (23 males and 19 females) were selected among patients referring to orthodontic department of Shahid Beheshti university and Nime Sha’ban dental clinic of Kerman, their files were surveyed according to audiometric and tympanometric tests (A,B and C). Likewise the relationship of other factors including age, gender, type of cleft (unilateral, bilateral), history of previous reconstructive surgery and presence of oronasal fistula were studied on hearing. Chi-square and t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty-three patients (54.7%) had one ear or both ears mild conductive hearing loss; and tympanogram-B was observed in 38 ears from 84 ears. These disorders were mostly observed in younger patients. Gender and type of cleft had no relationship with hearing condition. The average of hearing threshold in patients who had cleft palate surgery and patients without oronasal fistula was lower than other groups. Conclusion: Hearing problem was observed in more than %50 of the studied patients; which determines the need for proper examination and diagnosis following by predetermined treatment protocols.
Allahyar Geramy; Hannane Ghadirian; Mohammad Javad Kharazifard; TajGaldi Katooki
Abstract
Aim: anterio-posterior discrepancies and differentiating the involved problems make a major part of our diagnosis and treatment. The main goal of this study was to compare the Materials and methods: In this cross sectional study, 105 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms (42 males and 63 females; 12±3 ...
Read More
Aim: anterio-posterior discrepancies and differentiating the involved problems make a major part of our diagnosis and treatment. The main goal of this study was to compare the Materials and methods: In this cross sectional study, 105 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms (42 males and 63 females; 12±3 years old) The cephalograms were classified according to Angle classification. In all cephalograms, the ANB angel, Wits analysis, β angel, µ angel, Jaraback index and Bjork angels were measured.Results: The highest accordance between clinical observation and Wits appraisal was seen in class III group. The most accordance of the ANB angel was in the class II group.The best correlation was found between µ angel and β angel (r=0.912). The correlation of ANB angel with µ angel was the weakest (r=0.769).The results showed that when angle is smaller than 12.7 degrees, the patient is skeletal class II and the patients whose angle is larger than 19.1 degrees are classified in class III group.Conclusion: All of four sagittal parameters (ANB angle, Wits, β angle and µ angle) were well-correlated. The best correlation was found between µ angel and β angel. The correlation of ANB angel with µ angel was the weakest. angle and angle are proper tools to show skeletal class II and class III, but these angles cannot differentiate prognatic or retrognatic jaw.
Hossein Ravanmehr; Amir Hossein Mirhashemi; Allahyar Geramy; Ahmad Sodagar
