Hooman Shafaee; Bahareh Mazloumhoseini; Erfan Bardideh; Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam
Abstract
Context: Maxillary deficiency can lead to the reduction of airway space and increase the chances of development of obstructive airway disorders. Facemask therapy is one of the main treatment protocols in developing maxillary deficient patients.Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis ...
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Context: Maxillary deficiency can lead to the reduction of airway space and increase the chances of development of obstructive airway disorders. Facemask therapy is one of the main treatment protocols in developing maxillary deficient patients.Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the changes in the airway dimensions after face-mask therapy in both cleft lip and palate and non-cleft patients.Methods: A systematic search in different electronic databases (EMBASE, Pubmed, Cochrance Central register of controlled trials), IADR proceedings and a hand search by October 2020 were conducted and a meta-analysis and systematic review was performed.Results: In patients without cleft lip and palate, upper pharyngeal width was significantly increased by mean of 2.05 mm (CI = 95%, 0.61 - 3.50) following facemask therapy in comparison to patients who did not receive the treatment. Other upper pharyngeal (nasopharyngeal) measurements also showed a statistically significant improvement after therapy: S-PNS by 4.64 mm (CI = 95%, 3.34 - 5.94), AD1-PNS by 3.81 mm (CI = 95%, 2.40 - 5.21), AD2-PNS by 2.90 mm (CI = 95%, 0.13 - 5.67) and Pm’-SPL by 2.53 (CI = 95%, 0.54 - 4.51). Lower pharyngeal measurments did not show any significant changes after the treatment (P > 0.05). In the analysis of studies with 3D imaging modalities, upper pharyngeal volume was also significantly increased by 499.29 mm3 (CI = 95%, 69.58-929.00) after the treatment. In addition, a review of articles that included cleft lip and palate patients also showed after the treatment, the upper pharyngeal measurements all showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05), whereas the oropharyngeal region was relatively stable.Conclusions: In maxillary deficient patients with or without an orofacial cleft, facemask therapy can improve the nasopharyngeal area dimensions; however, this treatment protocol appears not to have an effect on the oropharyngeal area of the airway tract.
Arezoo Jahanbin; Shirin Dokht Shirazi; Elaheh Kamyabnezhad; Neda Eslami; Seyed Hosein Hoseini Zarch
Abstract
Background: The spheno‐occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is an important growth center which plays an important role in cranial base development and can define the final relation of SOS with the upper and lower jaws. The morphology and fusion degree of SOS varies in different ages among different populations.
Objectives: ...
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Background: The spheno‐occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is an important growth center which plays an important role in cranial base development and can define the final relation of SOS with the upper and lower jaws. The morphology and fusion degree of SOS varies in different ages among different populations.
Objectives: Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the age and sex dependence of ossification of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in the Iranian population using CBCT.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was performed on 517 CBCT images of 6- to 18-year-old patients in Mashhad, Iran. Patients with obvious pathology or fractures were excluded from the study. The SOS ossification was classified into four stages from 0 to 3. Two independent observers scored the images. The ossification stage of the SOS was classified according to the age and sex of the patients. Kruskal-Wallis and Kendall’s tau-b used for statistical analysis. Results: In this study, 517 samples of 260 females (50.3%) and 257 males (49.7%) with a mean age of 12.03 ± 3.74 years were examined. A significant difference did not exist between males and females regarding their stage of SOS ossification, although males were younger at the SOS transitional stages of 0 to 1, and 1 to 2 compared to females. Also, the SOS starts the ossification process at the age of 11 in females and 10.8 in males.
Conclusions: The present study showed in the mean age of 16.81 ± 1.12 years, most subjects were in developmental stage 3. Due to the fact that in developmental stage 3 SOS closes, there were no passive maxillary growth after this time. In none of the SOS stages, females and males differed significantly in mean age (P > 0.05). The age of the onset of SOS closure in females was 11 years and in males it was about 10.8 years.
Jasneet Singh; Gurkeerat Singh; Sridhar Kannan; Deepak Rai; Ashish Gupta; Gaurav Gupta; Raj Kumar Singh
Abstract
Background: Increase in the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment for aesthetics, demand for a more aesthetic orthodontic appliance has become inevitable.
Objectives: This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate torque expression of 0.019” × 0.025” fiber composite ...
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Background: Increase in the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment for aesthetics, demand for a more aesthetic orthodontic appliance has become inevitable.
Objectives: This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate torque expression of 0.019” × 0.025” fiber composite wire and 0.019” × 0.025” NiTi wire in a similar prescription bracket systems (MBT, 0.022” slot) using CBCT.
Methods: Twenty arches each (ten maxillary and ten mandibular), of 15 - 25 year old patients, were bonded with metal brackets and ceramic brackets having MBT prescription and 0.022”slot. Two CBCT images were recorded at T0 and Tx. T0 point represented the stage of transition from a 0.017” × 0.025” NiTi wire to a 0.019” × 0.025” fiber composite or NiTi archwire. The Tx time point represented the end of treatment phase using 0.019” × 0.025” dimension wire, i.e. after 3 months of T0 scan. Results: The mean angulation change from T0 to Tx in fiber composite wire group and NiTi wire group was tested using Wilcoxon signed rank test and showed that the difference was statistically non-significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: It was concluded that fiber reinforced composite wires were comparable to NiTi wires in their ability to deliver consistent forces and bring about comparable torque in individual teeth.
K Hero Breuning
Abstract
In this review, new developments as has been recently published such as digital dental models, virtual treatment planning, intra oral scanning, merging of the intraoral scan and the CBCT and finally the use of custom orthodontic brackets and computer bend wires will be discussed.
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In this review, new developments as has been recently published such as digital dental models, virtual treatment planning, intra oral scanning, merging of the intraoral scan and the CBCT and finally the use of custom orthodontic brackets and computer bend wires will be discussed.
Nasrin Farhadian; Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Vahid Mollabashi
Abstract
Introduction: Complications to force eruption of impacted teeth may arise from several reasons including ankylosis, dilaceration, and/or some barriers in the eruption pathway. Treatment time prolongation without obvious clinical progress gradually decreases the patient compliance. In this paper we present ...
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Introduction: Complications to force eruption of impacted teeth may arise from several reasons including ankylosis, dilaceration, and/or some barriers in the eruption pathway. Treatment time prolongation without obvious clinical progress gradually decreases the patient compliance. In this paper we present a non-conventional method to forced eruption of an impacted maxillary canine.
Case Presentation: A-21-year old girl presented with missing of teeth No 17, 12, 22, 27, 38, 37, 47, 48 and labially impaction of both maxillary canine was prepared for treatment through apically position flap for exposure of the both canines. Using standard edgewise 0.18 appliance and conventional elastic traction the right maxillary canine erupted to its normal position after about 18 months but the other tooth had not responded favorably to this technique. There was no signs of ankylosis, a titanium bone screw was placed in the labial cortical bone and mesial of the malposed canine. A spring is made of 0.017” × 0.025” SS wire with two helixes that delivered about 100 g force and 400 gr.mm activation moment to labial bracket on malposed canine crown. The force exerted on mini implant will be balanced with a force and moment on malposed tooth very similar to type IV Burston classification. After about 5 months the tooth had reached to its final occlusal position.
Conclusions: The appliance used for this patient brought the impacted canine into the arch without any more force on the neighbor teeth. Two point contact of the spring arm by bending the wire over the head of the mini implant made it possible to apply buccolingual crown torque.
Mehdi Hassanpour; Amirhossein Mirhashemi; Atefe Saffarshahroudi; Allahyar Geramy
Abstract
Cone beam CT (CBCT) has become an increasingly important source of three dimensional (3D) volumetric data in clinical orthodontics since its introduction into dentistry in 1998. The purpose of this manuscript is to highlight the current understanding of, and evidence for, the clinical use of CBCT in ...
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Cone beam CT (CBCT) has become an increasingly important source of three dimensional (3D) volumetric data in clinical orthodontics since its introduction into dentistry in 1998. The purpose of this manuscript is to highlight the current understanding of, and evidence for, the clinical use of CBCT in orthodontics, and to review the findings to answer clinically relevant questions. It has therefore been recommended that CBCT be used in selected cases in which conventional radiography cannot supply satisfactory diagnostic information; which include cleft palate patients, assessment of unerupted tooth position, supernumerary teeth, identification of root resorption and planning orthognathic surgery. The need to use in other types of cases should be made on a case-by-case basis following an assessment of benefits vs risks of scanning in these situations.
