Seyed Hossein Moslemzadeh; Negar Moghaddam; Saeid Foroughi Moghaddam; Ali Rafighi; Morteza Ghojazadeh; Farzaneh Rasouli
Abstract
Background: Interclinoid ligament calcification and dimensional changes in Sella Turcica seen on cephalometric radiographs are associated with some bone abnormalities as well as normal variations. Merging of anterior and posterior clinoid processes, known as Sella Turcica bridging or roofing and other ...
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Background: Interclinoid ligament calcification and dimensional changes in Sella Turcica seen on cephalometric radiographs are associated with some bone abnormalities as well as normal variations. Merging of anterior and posterior clinoid processes, known as Sella Turcica bridging or roofing and other changes in this area may occur as a part of large skeletal growth changes in body and may have association with craniofacial skeletal patterns development.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare Sella Turcica bridging and dimensions of patients with various skeletal patterns to investigate whether there is a correlation between Sella Turcica region changes with skeletal patterns or not, and on the other hand, to know if these changes could be used as predictive indices for growing patients skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 cephalometric radiographs (36 Class I, 36 Class II, and 36 Class III) were randomly selected for evaluation. Sella Turcica was traced on acetate paper and scanned to produce digital images. The dimensions of Sella Turcica were measured with computer software using the Silverman, Kisling, and Axelsson method. To determine bridging, Leonardi’s method was employed. To determine the association of Sella Turcica bridging and dimensions with different malocclusions, chi-squared test and one-way ANOVA were used. Results: The means of Sella Turcica lengths in three groups were significantly different (P = 0.01). Mean depth and diameter, however, were not significantly different between malocclusions. In addition, bridging was not significantly different among three malocclusions evaluated.
Conclusions: According to the results, mean length of Sella Turcica, rather than depth and diameter, was significantly associated with the type of malocclusion. Sella Turcica cavity length is larger in Cl III patients in comparison with Cl I ones and may have predictive value in some instances.
Aydin Sohrabi; Ali Rafighi; Seyed Hossein Moslemzadeh; Saeid Foroughi Moghaddam; Farzaneh Rasouli
Abstract
Background: After completion of orthodontic treatment, the retention phase is necessary for premolar teeth to preserve them in an ideal esthetic and functional relationship and to counteract the inherent tendency of teeth to return to their previous positions. Different fixed and removable retainers ...
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Background: After completion of orthodontic treatment, the retention phase is necessary for premolar teeth to preserve them in an ideal esthetic and functional relationship and to counteract the inherent tendency of teeth to return to their previous positions. Different fixed and removable retainers are used to prevent relapse in the anterior segment of the dental arch. Retainers that are bonded to 6 anterior teeth, i.e. flexible spiral wires (FSW), are more commonly used. In addition, extended bonded retainers are used to keep the extraction space closed, which are bonded to premolars in addition to anterior teeth. In orthodontic treatments involving tooth extraction, the inability of retainers to prevent the re-opening of the extraction space will result in some periodontal and occlusion problems and patient dissatisfaction.
Objectives: Therefore, the present study evaluated the ability of extended fixed retainers in comparison to FSW retainers, along with overnight use of removable retainers, to prevent re-opening of the extraction space.
Patients and Methods: Thirty-one patients (60 quadrants) were included in this study after obtaining informed consent. Convenient sampling technique was use to assign patients to two group with 13 and 27 quadrants. In group 1, an extended fixed retainer (from the second premolar on one side to the second premolar on the other side) and in group 2 FSW retainer (from the canine tooth on one side to the canine tooth on the other side) in association with overnight use of Hawley plaque were administered. Opening of the interdental space was evaluated by measuring the distance between the mandibular second premolar and first molar on each side in both groups using a leaf gauge at baseline and 2 and 6 months after placing the retainers in the oral cavity. Wilcoxon’s test was used to compare the spaces between the mandibular second premolar and first molar in each group at each time interval. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare changes in interdental spaces between the two retainer types.
Results: The interdental spaces decreased from the time of debonding up to two months after debonding, which was statistically significant in the FSW + Hawley group (P = 0.21). During the next 4 months, the space remained unchanged in the extended FSW group and slightly increased in the FSW + Hawley group, which was not significant. In general, the interdental space decreased from the debonding session up to six months later, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.91).
Conclusions: Both extended fixed retainer and fixed retainer in association with the overnight use of Hawley restrainer were successful in keeping the extraction space closed in fixed orthodontic patients during the first 6 months.
Ali Rafighi; Aydin Sohrabi; Saeid Foroughi Moghaddam; Seyed Hossein Moslemzadeh; Reza Nemati; Leila Roshangar
Abstract
Background and aim: The aim of this study was to find out influence of the orthodontic devices on the oral epithelial cells.Materials and methods: Cells of lower lip oral mucosa from 32 orthodontic patients were collected by exfoliative cytology in three times: Day 0 (just before appliance placement), ...
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Background and aim: The aim of this study was to find out influence of the orthodontic devices on the oral epithelial cells.Materials and methods: Cells of lower lip oral mucosa from 32 orthodontic patients were collected by exfoliative cytology in three times: Day 0 (just before appliance placement), and 14 and 60 days after appliance insertion. Nuclear (NA) and cytoplasmic (CA) areas, NA/CA ratio, cell morphology, and cellularity of smears were analyzed by using cytologic and cytomorphometric methods.Results: The NA of the cells adjacent to orthodontic devices diminished after appliance placement, and reached to its lower level in day 60 (p = 0.000). Investigated epithelial cells showed insignificant changes in CA. Type II inflammatory smears, according to Papanicolau, increased insignificantly after the treatment initiation. Superficial epithelial cells, were predominant cell type in day 14 and 60 (p= 0.002)..Conclusion: Orthodontic appliances cause reduction in NA and induce epithelial hyperkeratosis in lower lip mucosa.
