Defne Kecik
Abstract
Context: One of the most important aspects of dental profession is to consider the effectiveness of the preventive systems applied and maintain the good oral hygiene, oral health and minimize the risk of caries among the patients. A great spectrum of preventive activities and materials like fluoride ...
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Context: One of the most important aspects of dental profession is to consider the effectiveness of the preventive systems applied and maintain the good oral hygiene, oral health and minimize the risk of caries among the patients. A great spectrum of preventive activities and materials like fluoride applications, fissure sealants; also new technologies like Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous calcium phosphate (CCP-ACP) have a wide effect on preventing caries.
Objective: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to review systematically the clinical trials of CPP-ACP complex and determine the caries preventive effects on the remineralization process.
Data Sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, biomed central, cochrane oral health reviews, Cochrane library, directory of open access journals, Ovid Medline, Web of science and EMBASE were searched up to February 2016. Only articles in English were included. Trials that were considered clinically and methodologically homogeneous and reported on similar outcomes were pooled for meta-analyses. The clinical studies that inspected the effects of casein derivatives in dental practice were included. In vitro studies, case reports, case series, letters to the editors, editorials, review articles and commentaries were not included for the statistical analysis but evaluated to identify the potential outcomes of the further studies.
Study Selection: Of the 3859 studies screened 92 studies were assessed for eligibility, and 22 were selected for inclusion and 11 was in the final sample for meta-analysis. Systematic review was assessed and the remineralization effect of CPP-ACP was demonstrated compared to placebo in the meta-analysis.
Conclusions: The evaluated systematic review with meta-analyses, clinical trials showed the remineralization effect of CPP-ACP on early caries lesions mainly the white spot lesions (WSL’s). In vivo RCT studies reveal a promising caries preventing effect, inducing remineralization and treating dentin hypersensitivity and dry mouth with the use of clinical CPP-ACP application.
Mohammad Hashem Hosseini; Ardavan Etemadi; Fatemeh Gorjizadeh
Abstract
Background: Application of zirconia in dentistry has increased due to its good properties. Since zirconia is not possible to be etched, evaluation of the other methods of surface treatment is important.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate zirconia surfaces treated by different output powers ...
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Background: Application of zirconia in dentistry has increased due to its good properties. Since zirconia is not possible to be etched, evaluation of the other methods of surface treatment is important.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate zirconia surfaces treated by different output powers of Er: YAG laser and sandblasting technique by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: 15 specimens were prepared of 3Y-TZP ceramic material. After polishing of all the samples, divided into 5 groups; control group, 1.5 W Er: YAG laser irradiated group, 2.5W Er: YAG laser irradiated group, 3.5 W Er: YAG laser irradiated and sandblasted group. Then SEM image of each group were prepared and analyzed. Results: The SEM images of study groups showed there is no significant difference between control group and laser groups at × 3000, but at the more magnifications (× 15000 and × 60000), with increasing laser power, surface roughness and deformation of crystals increases. SEM of Sandblasted group showed a change in surface texture with the formation of microretentive grooves and deformation of zirconia crystals shape.
Conclusions: By increasing the Er: YAG laser power on zirconia ceramics, the surface roughness increases but not impressive. Application of sandblasting technique on zirconia provides greater surface roughness than Er: YAG laser treatment. 1.5 W (150 mJ) Er: YAG laser radiation has no significant effect on surface morphology of zirconia but 2.5 W (250 mJ) and 3.5 W (350 mJ) outputs, change the surface morphology.
Vahid Moshkelgosha; Mahsa Kazemi; Hamidreza Pakshir; Rasool Safari
Abstract
Background: Malocclusion, one the most important oral health problem among children and young adults, leads to social stigma and psychological disorders. Early orthodontic treatment for children appears to be one of the efficient methods to prevent these consequences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional ...
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Background: Malocclusion, one the most important oral health problem among children and young adults, leads to social stigma and psychological disorders. Early orthodontic treatment for children appears to be one of the efficient methods to prevent these consequences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, which was conducted in Shiraz, city of Iran, comprised 1600 primary school children aged 7 and 8 years old from 16 schools in the 4 districts of Shiraz. Self-administered questionnaires, giving scores to parental knowledge and attitude towards early orthodontic treatment, were designed and distributed to the children to deliver them to their parents. The maximum possible mean score for both knowledge and attitude questions were. Results: Out of 1600, 1026 (64%) questionnaires were returned. The analysis revealed the mean score of parental knowledge and attitude as 0.78 and 0.38 respectively. The mean score of participants from high social class was significantly higher in the knowledge and attitude sections (P value < 0.001). Highly educated parents presented an appreciably greater level of attitude score (mean score: 0.43, P value < 0.001). A remarkable correlation of parental former orthodontic treatment with a routine and problem-based visit of a dentist was observed [odds ratio (OR): 3.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1 to 4.4] and (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.2 to 4.4) in order.
Conclusions: This study showed significant effect of higher social class on the parents’ knowledge and attitude and also beneficial impact of higher educational level on parents’ attitude. The parents, who were former orthodontic patient, were more concerned about their children’s dentofacial health.
Mohsen Shirazi; Armin Soudi; Pedram Baghaeian; Yasamin Farajzadeh Jalali
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the crystal structure of mineral part in the Compact and Cancellous bones in different areas of alveolar bones.
Methods: In this study, 7 alveolar bone samples were prepared from buccal and distal plates of the jaws of three patients, and 4 samples ...
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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the crystal structure of mineral part in the Compact and Cancellous bones in different areas of alveolar bones.
Methods: In this study, 7 alveolar bone samples were prepared from buccal and distal plates of the jaws of three patients, and 4 samples from Cortical and Cancellous bone of two other patients' palate. After converting all the samples into powder, the samples were examined by using the X-RD method. Diffractogram of 1-7 samples were compared with each other and Diffractogram of 8-11 samples also were compared with each other too. Results: Comparing two corresponding points in the jaws the crystallinity degree in the mandible is higher than the maxilla. In comparison of two corresponding points in the maxilla and mandible degree of crystallinity and the crystalline hydroxyapatite on the right has been more than on the left. The amount of crystalline hydroxyapatite phase in females is more than males and crystallinity degree of this phase in males is more than females, and in younger people, the hydroxyapatite crystalline phase is more than others and crystallinity of this phase in older subjects is higher than others.
Conclusions: Tooth movement, despite the influence of the same forces, is faster on left side than the right side and is faster on maxilla than mandible. Tooth movement is faster in younger people than in older subjects.
Soosan Sadeghian; Farzad Yahyapour; Roshanak Ghafari; Sina Jafari
Abstract
Background: Because of the special anatomy and esthetic considerations, orthodontic and implant treatments are somehow fine and difficult in mandibular anterior zone. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric analysis of the buccal and lingual bone thickness of mandibular anterior zone using ...
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Background: Because of the special anatomy and esthetic considerations, orthodontic and implant treatments are somehow fine and difficult in mandibular anterior zone. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric analysis of the buccal and lingual bone thickness of mandibular anterior zone using CBCT.
Methods: In this descriptive- analytic study CBCT images of 20 (18 - 40 years old) patients (10 men, 10 women) were obtained. Four reference lines were designed for every anterior tooth of mandible. 3D program were used for measuring.
Results: Mean thickness of buccal alveolar plate was 1.44 ± 0.34 mm for central incisor, 1.35 ± 0.25 mm for lateral incisor, 1.46 ± 0.25 mm for canine. Mean thickness of lingual alveolar plate was 1.61 ± 0.33 mm for central incisor, 1.73 ± 0.43 mm for lateral incisor, 1.99 ± 0.48 mm for canine. Buccal bony curvature angle below root apex was 151.1 ± 7.7° at central incisor, 145.14 ± 6.71° at lateral incisor, 155.08±8.16° at canine. Distance between root apex and the deepest point of buccal bony curvature was 2.2 ± 0.54 mm for central incisor, 2.31 ± 0.62 mm for lateral incisor, 2.55 ± 0.59 for canine. However; the comparison of all findings between men and women did not show significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: The thickness of lingual bony plate of mandibular anterior zone in Iranian adult is more than the thickness of labial plate; also the labial bony plate thickness will increase from coronal to apical zone of the teeth. The labial bony curvature below root apex of mandibular central incisor was higher than that of lateral incisor and canine and it seems that the labial bony plate below root apex of central incisor is most curved.
Behnam Mirzakouchaki; Reza Faraji; Mahdi Rahbar; Hadi Shirvani
Abstract
Background: Lateral cephalometry is very important for the evaluation of growth, diagnosis, treatment planning and therapeutic evaluations. Considering the advantages of lateral cephalometric analyses with the automatic technique and given the existing problems, the present study was undertaken to use ...
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Background: Lateral cephalometry is very important for the evaluation of growth, diagnosis, treatment planning and therapeutic evaluations. Considering the advantages of lateral cephalometric analyses with the automatic technique and given the existing problems, the present study was undertaken to use a new automatic technique for determination of cephalometric landmarks.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the specific anatomic area by SIFT algorithm for locating cephalometric points using an automatic technique.
Methods: In this study, 110 digital lateral cephalograms were randomly selected and pre-processing was carried out on the images. Three orthodontics used these cephalograms to manually select 11 cephalometric landmarks (point A, point B, PNS, ANS, Po, Or, N, Ar, Me, Gn and Pog) on a software program which had been designed to this end. The coordinates of the selected points were saved in the database for the corresponding process of the images. After completing the software program with these data, 30 new radiographs were submitted to the software program for anatomic determination of the points. SIFT algorithm was used in the software program for the anatomic identification of the landmarks. To make a comparison, these 30 cephalograms were manually analyzed by three orthodontists in order to evaluate the accuracy of the software program at various points. Paired t-teat was used to compare the manual and computerized techniques. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Based on the results, the differences between the manual and automatic methods in determining cephalometric landmarks were < 1 mm in 46% of cases, < 1.5 mm in 82% of cases and < 2 mm in 100% of cases. In addition, there were no significant difference between the two method except for points Or, Po and PNS (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: It was concluded that the designed algorithm had good performance for easy and relatively difficult points. In relation to very difficult points, too, it exhibited rather acceptable performance and located the points better than other algorithms.
Andrea Bargellini; Tommaso Castroflorio; Federica Casasco; Maria Giacone; Francesco Garino; Giovanni Cugliari; Andrea Deregibus
Abstract
Background: In the last years an increasing number of patients have sought for comfortable and aesthetic alternatives to fixed appliances. Aligners, due to the protection against tooth wear, can be compared to occlusal splints used in patients suffering from sleep bruxism (SB). The aim of the study was ...
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Background: In the last years an increasing number of patients have sought for comfortable and aesthetic alternatives to fixed appliances. Aligners, due to the protection against tooth wear, can be compared to occlusal splints used in patients suffering from sleep bruxism (SB). The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of clear aligners on SB episodes using a validated portable device (Bruxoff®, OTBioelettronica, Torino, Italy) allowing a simultaneous recording of electromyographic signals from both the masseter muscles as well as heart frequency to evaluate variation on SB activity.
Methods: Forty patients were analyzed for the study. Twenty of them were assigned to orthodontic treatment with clear aligners (Invisalign®, Align Technology). The other twenty patients were used as control group observed for a period of twelve months. Intra-group and inter-group variances were analyzed by using a two-way ANOVA test. For each analysis a P < 0.05 was set. Results: After the first month of clear aligners therapy, all patients in the case group showed a significant reduction in the number of SB episodes (P < 0.05). However, after three months SB values returned to baseline levels. The number of tonic contractions were reduced even after three months of orthodontic treatment (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: While clear aligners seem to be capable to reduce clenching, i.e. occlusal load, in SB patients, the grinding activity seems to be not influenced by those appliances at least in the short term of the present investigation.
Luis Huanca Ghislanzoni; Frederick Berardinelli; Costanza Tagliatesta; Alessandra Lucchese
Abstract
Introduction: Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth with proportion of males: females of 2: 1. The etiology of this anomaly is various and includes both genetic and environmental factors, syndromic conditions and disturbances in dental development.Case Presentation: A palatally positioned ...
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Introduction: Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth with proportion of males: females of 2: 1. The etiology of this anomaly is various and includes both genetic and environmental factors, syndromic conditions and disturbances in dental development.Case Presentation: A palatally positioned maxillary midline mesiodens was incidentally found during x-ray check-up in a 14-year-old female. It was associated with major crowding and a huge upper midline shift. The oral surgeon did not deem prudent a surgical access due to crowding. Patient was treated with screw-borne active anchorage, all four first bicuspids extracted, braces bonded on both arches and consequent mesiodens surgery removal. After alignment a safe palatal surgical access was available. Satisfactory functional and esthetic results were achieved and stable at a 2-year follow-up.
