Tahereh HosseinZadehNik; M. Esmaily; L. Yazdani Damavandi
Abstract
Introduction: Soft tissue changes and especially smile is one of the most important parameters in diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The main aim of this study was evaluating the correlation of the smile line with verticaldental parameters of occlusion.Materials And Methods: In this cross ...
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Introduction: Soft tissue changes and especially smile is one of the most important parameters in diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The main aim of this study was evaluating the correlation of the smile line with verticaldental parameters of occlusion.Materials And Methods: In this cross sectional study, 46 patients (23 females and 23 males) aged between 18 to 25 years old were selected. The subjects were asked to pose a smile and several variables were measured and recorded which were mainly related to smile line. A lateral cephalometric radiography was ordered for each patient and anatomic landmarks were determined. And then correlation between 6 vertical dental parameters and some smile variables were analyzed. In order to determine association between quantitative variables, correlation coefficient of Pearson was used. P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: There was significant correlation between palatal-occlusal plane with quantitative variables such as tooth-lower lip position and inter labial distance during smile. No significant correlation was seen with other smile variables. There was significant correlation between upper 6 to palatal plane with smile width but no correlation was found with other smile variables. Upper 6 to Frankfort plane had significant correlation with clinical crown and smile width but not with other smile variables.Conclusion: According to the result of this study, dental vertical variables affect the vertical component of smile, which means vertical development in the dentition can lead to the distance between some vertical variables of posed smile.
Allahyar Geramy
Abstract
Aim: Several bracket characteristics are now in market. Preformed archwires are used without frequent need to add bends. V-bends are used in many situations. This bend as a basic maneuver is assessed thoroughly in this study.Materials and Methods: Finite Element Method (FEM) was selected to analyze the ...
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Aim: Several bracket characteristics are now in market. Preformed archwires are used without frequent need to add bends. V-bends are used in many situations. This bend as a basic maneuver is assessed thoroughly in this study.Materials and Methods: Finite Element Method (FEM) was selected to analyze the situation. A 3D model of two maxillary central incisors with their supporting structures and an archwire were modeled. A V-bend in different positions relative to the teeth was defined. Forces produced were monitored.Results: Center V-bend (a/L=1/2) produced two moments in opposite direction. Moving towards one tooth added vertical forces in opposite direction. At a/L ˜˷115, intrusive movement was noticed; while signs of intrusion and change in angulation was detected at 1/10< a/L<1/5. When a/L reached 0.42/6.408 same direction of moments were shown.Conclusion: V-bend force system is quite sensitive to its position.
Mohammad Karim Soltani; Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Bahareh Javanshir; Mojgan AkbarZadeh
Abstract
background and aim: functional appliances with various designs have been introduced in the treatment of Class II malocclusions. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentoskeletal effects of a modified bionator (FA) and Twin Block (TB) functional appliance in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion.Method ...
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background and aim: functional appliances with various designs have been introduced in the treatment of Class II malocclusions. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentoskeletal effects of a modified bionator (FA) and Twin Block (TB) functional appliance in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion.Method and material: in this retrospective study 30 treated cl II patients with overjet greater than 4mm have been selected from each of two private offices .in each office either FA or TB were used. Pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral cephalograms were digitized and traced with Dolphin Imaging software. ANCOVA and paired T test were used for analysis with SPSS software (19).Results: FA group consisted of 17 girls and 13 boys(mean age: 9.53± 1.1), TB group consisted of 12 boys and 18 girls(mean age: 10.26 ±.944 ) .ANB angle and overjet were reduced significantly in both groups. (p=.000) Mandibular body length demonstrated a significant increase in both groups( 3.06±4.98mm with TB and 3.03±5.52mm with FA ). In Both appliances significant retrusion of upper lip occurred as a result of decrease in overjet (TB=002, FA=.000). No statistical significant difference were found between two appliances.Conclusions: Treatment with both appliances resulted in correction of Class II discrepancy, reduction of overjet, and retrusion of upper lip. No significant dento-skeletal differences were observed between the 2 appliances.
Shahrzad Tamasoki; Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Masome BasamTabar; S. Fazlollahi; Mojgan Akbarzadeh
Abstract
Background and aim: The etiology of CL/P is thought to be multifactorial with both genetic and environmental factors. Methylentetrahydrofolatereductuse (MTHFR), an important enzyme in folic acid metabolism with C677T polymorphism is one of the most controversial enzyme in CL/P. Our aim was comparison ...
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Background and aim: The etiology of CL/P is thought to be multifactorial with both genetic and environmental factors. Methylentetrahydrofolatereductuse (MTHFR), an important enzyme in folic acid metabolism with C677T polymorphism is one of the most controversial enzyme in CL/P. Our aim was comparison of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in non syndromic CL/P patients with their healthy relatives.Materials and methods: We examined 50 consecutive CL/P patients and 150 their relatives (father, mother and sibling). Blood samples of all cases were collected. DNA extracted using Millers salting out method, and then C677T of MTHFR gene was evaluated by PCR. The results were analysis by Mc-Nemar test with spss19. Results: The frequency of genotype in patients compared with their mother (p= 0.282), father (p= 0.423) and sibling (p=0.607) and we didn’t find significant different between them. Also there was no significant difference between patient’s allele frequency when compared with their mother (p=1.000), father (p=0.405) and sibling (p= 0.804).
Conclusion: In this case-control study, patient’s parents and sibling were used as controls. Frequency of normal allele C677T(C) was higher than altered allele (T) in patients and control groups. We did not find any relation between NSCL/P and C677T polymorphism however; conflicting results have been achieved in different studies.
Mohammadkarim Soltani; Farzaneh Golfeshan; Reza Mahvelati Shamsabadi
Abstract
Background and aim: Clinical signs of tooth-size- arch length discrepancy are crowding, impaction, and incisor proclination. The controversy persists over whether to increase the size of the arch by expansion or decrease the size of the teeth by interproximal enamel reduction or extraction to resolve ...
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Background and aim: Clinical signs of tooth-size- arch length discrepancy are crowding, impaction, and incisor proclination. The controversy persists over whether to increase the size of the arch by expansion or decrease the size of the teeth by interproximal enamel reduction or extraction to resolve the discrepancy.Method: This report describes the treatment of a 17-year-old girl with a severe tooth size-arch length discrepancy. The patient had a mild Class II skeletal relationship, a high mandibular plane angle, a Class I molar relationship, bilateral posterior cross bites, and deviated midlines. The final treatment protocol was non-extraction treatment of both arches using passive self-ligate brackets. Results and Conclusion: The final treatment result was satisfactory. Proper over- bite and over jet, facial balance and good occlusion were achieved. Expansion of posterior segments and distal movement of molars solved tooth size-arch length discrepancy.
Morteza Ordobazary; Masoud Davoudian
Abstract
Aim: Determining the proximity between predictions performed by Dolphin imaging software before and after the orthogonathic surgery with standard manual method.Methods and Materials: twenty long face C1 III patients, that had been undergone surgery were selected and their cephalograms and study ...
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Aim: Determining the proximity between predictions performed by Dolphin imaging software before and after the orthogonathic surgery with standard manual method.Methods and Materials: twenty long face C1 III patients, that had been undergone surgery were selected and their cephalograms and study cast records, before treatment, before surgery and after surgery were evaluated. The outcome was predicted with Dolphin imaging software and with standard manual method before and after surgery.Results: Differences of the variables by the software prediction in the presurgical and postsurgical stages in comparison with standard prediction method were usually insignificant.Conclusions: Dolphin imaging software (version 10.0) has a good accuracy for prediction of presurgical and postsurgical outcome of long face C1 III orthogonathic patients.
Elaheh Vahid Dastjerdi; Elham Sayanjali; Masoud Seifi; Azita Irvandi
Abstract
Aim: Enamel decalcification during orthodontics treatment is a serious clinical problem. Glass Ionomer is a hydrophilic compound that is able to release fluoride. Hence we assessed the amount of fluoride release from Glass lonorner type I (use in orthodontics banding) following refluoridisation in acidic ...
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Aim: Enamel decalcification during orthodontics treatment is a serious clinical problem. Glass Ionomer is a hydrophilic compound that is able to release fluoride. Hence we assessed the amount of fluoride release from Glass lonorner type I (use in orthodontics banding) following refluoridisation in acidic and nutraI solution of NaF 0.2%.Materials arid Methods: In this experimental research, we chose Type I Glass Ionomer Cement which was built in Ariadent Factory, 30 disc shape compound in stainless steel casts with 6 mm diameter and 2 mm height according to manufacturer structure was prepared. Each sample floated in 5cc acidic and nutral 0.2% NaF solution and distillated water. We assessed the amount of fluoride in solutions by potentiometer method in 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 29th and reported in ppm scale.
Results: Maximum Fluoride releasing from the samples existing in the distillated water was in 8th day that descended during the first month, but maximum fluoride absorption in samples in acidic NaF solution was in first day that descended during the first month and maximum fluoride absorption in samples in nutral NaF solution was in 8th day that descended during the first month.Conclusion: Glass Ionomer cement can act as a chargeable fluoride releasing and absorption system also daily using acidic compound consisted of fluoride decrease surface hardness of glass ionomer. The amount of fluoride releasing and absorption of glass ionomer decrease rapidly in acidic solution that is not proper for long orthodontics treatments.
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Mohammad Atai; K. Mansouri; Nasrin Farhadian
Abstract
Background and aim: Present in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of nanosilver incorporation on antibacterial properties and Bracket Bond Strength (BBS) of orthodontic composite resin. Materials and methods: A light curing composite resin was mixed with metallic nanosilver to obtain ...
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Background and aim: Present in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of nanosilver incorporation on antibacterial properties and Bracket Bond Strength (BBS) of orthodontic composite resin. Materials and methods: A light curing composite resin was mixed with metallic nanosilver to obtain final concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2.5% (wt/wt). Scanning electron microscopy (TESCAN, VEGA II, XMU, Czech Republic) was used to confirm the uniform distribution of nanoparticles in resin matrix. Thirty disk type specimens (4.0 × 1.0mm) were prepared for each group. Antibacterial activity was determined by evaluation of bacterial growth in suspension media versus growth in direct contact with specimens. BBS and bond failure interface (ARI) were evaluated and compared between the specimens. Bacterial activity of control group compared with the group with maximum antibacterial activity. Results: There were no significant differences in bacterial growth in any specimens in suspension media (P=0.623). The results of second method (direct contact) showed significant differences between all groups (P<0.001). Specimens with maximum antibacterial activity (containing 1% nanosilver) and control group had no significant difference in the BBS (P=0.455). ARI was completely identical in these two groups. Conclusions: Nanosilver containing composite could confer surface antibacterial activity without significant difference on BBS and ARI.
Tahura Etezadi; Fariba Esmaeilnia Shirvania; Atefe Saffarshahroudia
Abstract
Aim: the prevalence of maxillary missing lateral incisor (MMLI) is 1-2% which is responsible for 20% of all missing teeth. Increased knowledge of causes and clinical manifestations of cases with this situation can be helpful in their diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of the present study was ...
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Aim: the prevalence of maxillary missing lateral incisor (MMLI) is 1-2% which is responsible for 20% of all missing teeth. Increased knowledge of causes and clinical manifestations of cases with this situation can be helpful in their diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of the present study was to determine dental and skeletal features of patients with missing of maxillary lateral incisors. Materials and methods: The material consisted of pre-treatment dental casts and cephalograms of 26 patients (14 females and 12 males with average age of 17.5) with unilateral or bilateral MMLI. The following parameters were measured on the dental casts: the maxillary and mandibular intercanine width (ICW) and intermolar width (IMW), overjet, overbite, missing or anomalous of other teeth. Parameters that were measured on cephalogram including: SNA, SNB and ANB angle and Wits. The parameters were finally compared to a control group with normal occlusion by means of paired t-test. Results: Eight subjects out of 26 patients with MMLI had bilateral missing and from 18 subjects with unilateral missing, 66.67% (12 subjects) had lateral missing on the right side. MMLI was associated with other anomalous or congenital tooth absence in 12 subjects. In comparison with control group, the overjet was significantly lesser (p<0.05) and upper and lower ICW were smaller. Both ANB angle and Wits were significantly decreased in lateral missing group ((p<0.05).
Conclusion: Missing of maxillary lateral incisor was highly correlated with other tooth anomalies. Most of patient with this situation had skeletal and dental Class III tendency.
Abdolrahim Davari; Soghra Yassaei; Mahdjoube Goldani Moghadam; H. Zoghi
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of thermocycling on shear bond strengths (SBSs) of a light cured compositeafterdifferent thermal cycles.Materials and methods: 80 Bovine incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 teeth. Each teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid ...
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Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of thermocycling on shear bond strengths (SBSs) of a light cured compositeafterdifferent thermal cycles.Materials and methods: 80 Bovine incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 teeth. Each teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid and brackets were bonded using a light cured composite (Resilience). Thermocycling was done between 5° C and 55° C for 500, 3000 and 6000 cycles in group 2,3 and 4 respectively. Teeth in group1 (control group) were not being thermocycled. The SBS values were measured by means of Dartec testing machine.
Results: The results showed significantly higher SBS values for the control group compared to test groups (2-3 and 4). No significant different was observed between test groups.
Conclusion: Thermal changes during thermocycling significantly reduce the mean SBS of conventional etch and rinse adhesive system (Resilience), but SBS in 500, 300 and 6000 cycles had no significant difference. Clinical significance: Alteration in values of shear bond strengths under thermocycling would be representative of expected behavior of orthodontic brackets in clinical situations.
Arezoo Jahanbin; Fahimeh Farzanegan; Azin Jabbar Imani
Abstract
Aim: One of the important subjects in dentistry is oral habits which is a matter of concern for parents. Some scientists believe that the reason for starting and continuing oral habits can be due to psychological factors. Because the children's temper is related to the parents, it is possible that parents' ...
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Aim: One of the important subjects in dentistry is oral habits which is a matter of concern for parents. Some scientists believe that the reason for starting and continuing oral habits can be due to psychological factors. Because the children's temper is related to the parents, it is possible that parents' personality characteristics would be related to creation of habits. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the role of mothers' personality characteristics on children's nutritive and non nutritive sucking habits.Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was done on seven year old girl students between 2006 and 2007 in Mashhad primary schools. A questionnaire was used including social history, questions about baby's oral habits and world standard psychological test (Eysenck). Overall 436 students were recruited. The data were analyzed through descriptive and Chi-square tests.Results: There was a significant relationship between the history of pacifier sucking habit and mother's personality characteristics, Children with anxious and depressed mothers used pacifier more than mothers with normal personality, however thumb sucking and other oral habits (nail chewing pencil chewing ... ) were not related to mother's personality characteristics.Conclusion: Only the pacifier sucking habit was related to mother's personality characteristics.
Esfandiar Akhavan Niaki; Javad Chalipa; Ahmad Reza Dehpour; M Khalili; Arezoo Ghahari
Abstract
Aim: The appearance of osteoclasts is the first step in orthodontic tooth movement. During orthodontic force application, the periodontal ligament (PDL) undergoes hyalinization. This tissue damage prevents the tooth from moving until the adjacent bone and necrotic tissue are removed by osteoclasts. There ...
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Aim: The appearance of osteoclasts is the first step in orthodontic tooth movement. During orthodontic force application, the periodontal ligament (PDL) undergoes hyalinization. This tissue damage prevents the tooth from moving until the adjacent bone and necrotic tissue are removed by osteoclasts. There is a range of forces that produce the maximum rate of tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different orthodontic forces on osteoclast numbers.Materials and Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided to 4 experimental groups. Appliance exerted 25gr in light, 40gr in moderate and 60gr in heavy group. There was not any appliance in control group. Animals were sacrified after 14 days and tissue samples were prepared. The mesial and distal surfaces of first upper molar and adjacent alveolar bone were studied. Osteoclast numbers, cementoclast numbers, root length, root resorption, depth and length of resorptive cavities, PDL. width in coronal-middle-apical, apical and coronal inflammation, bone resorption, necrotic bone and tooth movement were evaluated. Mesial and distal surfaces were also compared.Results: In menial osteoclast numbers, depth of resorptive cavities, bone resorption, necrotic bone, PDL width and in distal apical inflammation, bone resorption, necrotic bone and PDL width were significant. Tooth movement was significantly different between all groups. (P<0.05)Conclusion: This data suggest that osteoclasts numbers are increased when force is increased. The magnitude of the orthodontic force is believed to be an important factor, not only for the magnitude of the tooth movement but also for any tissue damage.
Soosan Sadeghian; Mahsa Sadat Mortazavi; Mehrnoosh Kazemzadeh; Faegheh Gholinia
Abstract
Background and aim: Today, consideration of soft tissue, esthetic and appropriate facial harmony in patients have been regarded as the base for orthodontic treatments. Therefore, awareness of soft tissue profile changes during growth is essential for orthodontists. The purpose of this study is to determine ...
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Background and aim: Today, consideration of soft tissue, esthetic and appropriate facial harmony in patients have been regarded as the base for orthodontic treatments. Therefore, awareness of soft tissue profile changes during growth is essential for orthodontists. The purpose of this study is to determine the changes of soft tissue profile during growth in both sexes.
Materials and method: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, lateral cephalometric images of 60 individuals (30 boys and 30 girls) between 8 and 18 years old were studied. Cephalometric analysis was done and Independent T and Pearson Correlation tests were used for data analysis.
Results: Findings in the present study indicated that nose height, nose depth, lips height, upper lip thickness and soft tissue chin thickness increased significantly in the both sexes with increasing age. Increasing lip thickness in point Ls and lower lip thickness in point Li were only significant in boys group, whereas angle of soft tissue facial convexity excluding the nose and lower lip thickness had no significant increase in the both sexes. Angle of soft tissue facial convexity including the nose reduced significantly in both sexes with increasing age.Conclusion: Different measures change variously in males and females between 8 to 18 years old and being aware of these changes will help orthodontist in getting the best decision in preadolescent and adolescent treatment planning.
M. Saharkhizan; Farzad Mojarad; S. Salimonnafs
Abstract
Background and aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the timing of eruption of permanent teeth and assess its association with the height and weight in 12-year-old female students in Hamadan (2004). Materials and method: This descriptive/cross-sectional study was conducted from September ...
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Background and aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the timing of eruption of permanent teeth and assess its association with the height and weight in 12-year-old female students in Hamadan (2004). Materials and method: This descriptive/cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2003 to April 2004. 1000 healthy female students were consecutively selected from 9 different secondary schools in Hamadan. Each student’s data was recorded in the relevant questionnaire. Measuring their height, weight and date of birth were also obtained. The height was measured in centimeter, using wall-mounted ruler on the child’s head with their back and knees completely straight, and their feet together. The weight was measured in kilogram using a commercial digital scale after removal of the shoes only. The date of birth was obtained from the school records. The dental examination was carried out using a tongue depressor under natural light for the selected child. The mean and standard deviation of tooth eruption time was estimated for all of the girls. Bivariate analysis was used to assess any significant association between tooth eruption time and demographic variables. Pearson and partial correlations were used to determine the significant relationship between tooth eruption times with height/weight.Results: Generally, the means of height and weight of the subjects were 152 cm and 43.3 kg, respectively. The mean number of erupted teeth was 25.35. In partial correlation analysis, mean tooth eruption times were positively, but not significantly associated with height while controlling for weight, On the other hand, mean tooth eruption times were positively associated with weight while controlling for height. The correlation coefficients between height and weight and the number of erupted teeth were 0.321 and 0.25, respectively, indicating a weak correlation but significant at a level of 0.01.Conclusions: It can be concluded that girls with a higher height and weight compared to their peers had more erupted teeth. Although the height and of weight the girls did not show any significant influence on the tooth eruption times.
Allahyar Geramy; Reza Jelodar; Hasan Salehi
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different loop forms in continuous arch technique on its force characteristics in the anterior retraction arch wires.Material and Method: Six 3D finite element models were designed of an anterior retraction arch wire formed and included four average ...
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Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different loop forms in continuous arch technique on its force characteristics in the anterior retraction arch wires.Material and Method: Six 3D finite element models were designed of an anterior retraction arch wire formed and included four average sized anterior brackets and the palatal wall of the bracket slot of the canines. The models were similar except for the height and angle of the loop legs. The left side loop was kept constant in all stages of the study while modifying the right side loop height or vertical leg's angulations. SolidWorks 2006 was selected for the modeling phase and ANSYS Workbench Ver. 11.0 for the calculations. Mesializing force on molar, medially directed force on canine, and anterior retraction forces were evaluated.Results: According to the results, loop height in one side cannot affect the other side loop force characteristic directly; A gradual increase of the force difference between two side of the anterior retraction arch wire is shown. The mesializing force on molar is also increased with almost the same manner. The other findings related to loop leg divergence shows a difference between two sides but the differences are almost the same with varying degrees of divergence. Although the forces are not the same in both sides but the difference remained almost constant.
Conclusion: Arch wires may seem to be symmetric but may act asymmetric. Difference in anterior teeth retraction may be due to some asymmetries in arch wire fabrication which needs further considerations.
Farzin Heravi; Alireza Pourali
Abstract
Aim: Tanaka and Johnston have offered a very simple method for estimating mesio-distal witdh of unerupted canines and premolars; But it seems that these estimations are not appropriate for Iranian population. In this investigation we've tried to offer a new formula to estimate the width of unerupted ...
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Aim: Tanaka and Johnston have offered a very simple method for estimating mesio-distal witdh of unerupted canines and premolars; But it seems that these estimations are not appropriate for Iranian population. In this investigation we've tried to offer a new formula to estimate the width of unerupted teeth in Iranians.
Material and method: In this study we measured the size of premolars and canins on 400 dental casts and did a regression analysis to find any correlation between the size of these teeth and four lower incisors.
Results: We found that using Tanaka and Johnston analysis in Iranian children, unerupted teeth estimated wider than actual size.This study showed that there was a strong correlation between the width of lower incisors and unerupted canine and premolars of both jaws in Iranian population.
Conclusion: As we found Tanaka and Johnson's formula will estimate canines and premolars wider and a new formula is offered for Iranian population.
Ahmad Sodagar; Elham Sadat Emadian Razavi; Y. Yazdani
Abstract
Background and aims: Nasolabial angle is an important landmark that affects patient’s profile and also appearance of smile. This study has done to assess the relationship between skeletal and dental parameters and nasolabial angle for formulating the individual value of the angle for each patient.
Subjects ...
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Background and aims: Nasolabial angle is an important landmark that affects patient’s profile and also appearance of smile. This study has done to assess the relationship between skeletal and dental parameters and nasolabial angle for formulating the individual value of the angle for each patient.
Subjects and methods: Sixty healthy girls who were referred to orthodontic department of Tehran University of Medical Science were included in the study. Eight skeletal, three dental and three nasal soft tissue parameters (14 parameters) were measured on lateral cephalograms.Results: There were no significant relationships between nasolabial angle and parameters which were analyzed, but derivatives of this angle which named FNA (Posteroinferior angle between Frankfort horizontal plane and columella of the nose) and FLA (Posteroinferior angle between Frankfort horizontal plane and upper lip) showed significant relationship with the parameters. FNA had a positive correlation with U1-Pal, U1-FH, U1-SN, SNA and SNB angles, FLA had positive correlation with SNA, SNB, U1-SN, U1-FH, U1-Pal, and SGn-SN. By means of Multiple Regression analysis for FLA angle, SNB and U1-FH, and for FNA angle, U1-PAL had significant effects. Conclusion: Hard tissue parameters couldn’t affect nasolabial angle, but they had an influence on its derivatives.
A.V. Jumle; N. Toshniwal
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to intercept the Class II Div 1 malocclusion with 3 dimensional defects early in mixed dentition to reduce its severity, so to avoid the psychological trauma, in this poor non-compliant patient, which would also be cost effective.Method: A combination appliance, which would ...
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Aim: The aim of this study was to intercept the Class II Div 1 malocclusion with 3 dimensional defects early in mixed dentition to reduce its severity, so to avoid the psychological trauma, in this poor non-compliant patient, which would also be cost effective.Method: A combination appliance, which would consider all 3 dimension, be cost effective and which would not depend on patient for compliance was a need for this patient. So an innovative approach of using a maxillary expansion plate with the incline plate as that of twin block but which can be cemented to the arch and prism shaped composite blocks as that of Planas Direct Tract on the mandibular second deciduous molar was designed. As soon as the appliance was bonded, profile was improved. Results and conclusion: At the end of 8 months of active treatment, there was improvement in transverse, sagittal and vertical dimension with the satisfaction of the patient and the parent. The fabricated combination appliance, proved successful for intercepting the condition, satisfying the patient and parent by improving psychological condition along with the Class II condition. It was decided to name the appliance as 3D RDC CORRECTOR [3 dimensional (institution name) corrector].
Shahriar Shahab; Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Mehdi Esmaeili; Vahid Mollabashi; Nasrin Farhadian
Abstract
Aim: The main objective of this preliminary study was to introduce a new approach for the estimation of nasal cavity volume using two dimensional measurements in serial sections, as an alternative to planimetry volume measurements.
Materials and Methods: Ten CBCT images were studied in the coronal plane ...
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Aim: The main objective of this preliminary study was to introduce a new approach for the estimation of nasal cavity volume using two dimensional measurements in serial sections, as an alternative to planimetry volume measurements.
Materials and Methods: Ten CBCT images were studied in the coronal plane and the 4-mm thick sections were selected between Anterior and Posterior Nasal Spine. Real estimation of nasal cavity volume was computed using Cavalieri principle in conjunction with planimetry method. The outline of each slice was digitized and the resulted surface area was computed by AutoCAD software. In alternative method, a surface area estimate was measured by multiplying maximum width and maximum height in each slice. The sum of slices area in each method was named as Total Nasal Cavity Area (TNCA). Nasal cavity volume = TNCA × thickness of tomography slice. TNCA1 based on planimetry method, was compared with TNCA2 using to coordinates with linear regression analysis.Results: Regression analysis showed a powerful correlation between two methods measurements (r = 0.951). The following formula was proposed for volume estimation using the coordinate method: TNCA1 = 85.6±1.53 TNCA2.
Conclusions: In this pilot study, we substituted successfully two linear measurements instead of planimetry to estimate nasal cavity volume. This may help investigators to overcome inherent problems appearing in measurements of nasal cavity volume.
Mahtab Nouri; Zahra Abdolazimi; Mohammad Reza Badiee
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate is among the most common congenital anomalies of the head and neck region. Treatment of cleft lip and palate is challenging and requires the cooperation of various medical teams. A 15 year-old patient with a cleft lip and palate presented to the Department of Orthodontics at ShahidBeheshti ...
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Cleft lip and palate is among the most common congenital anomalies of the head and neck region. Treatment of cleft lip and palate is challenging and requires the cooperation of various medical teams. A 15 year-old patient with a cleft lip and palate presented to the Department of Orthodontics at ShahidBeheshti University, School of Dentistry complaining of unattractive appearance. The patient had unilateral cleft lip and palate and congenitally missing maxillary left lateral incisor and mentioned a history of surgical repair of the cleft in childhood. He had a concave profile, -5mm overjet, -5mm Wits appraisal and abnormal eruption path of teeth especially for the maxillary left central incisor. The patientunderwent orthodontic treatment without orthognathic surgery. Post-treatment records showed excellent results in terms of occlusion and facial balance and harmony.
Nasrin Farhadian; Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Reza Mahvelati; Ahmad Sajedi
Abstract
background and aims: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is becoming established as a superior radiographic technique to conventional radiography in orthodontics. However cephalometric analysis in conventional lateral cephalograms (LC) is still an important tool in treatment planning. The aim of this ...
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background and aims: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is becoming established as a superior radiographic technique to conventional radiography in orthodontics. However cephalometric analysis in conventional lateral cephalograms (LC) is still an important tool in treatment planning. The aim of this study was to compare cephalometric measurements performed on conventional cephalograms with those on CBCT generated images.Method and materials: 24 patients with both LC and volumetric CBCT imaging (Newtom 3G) were selected. Generated Lateral cephalograms (GLC) were produced from related DICOM files in Dolphin 3D. cephalometric analysis, consisted of fifteen angular measurements and fifteen linear measurements (Dolphin V.11.2) were performed on both LCs and GLCs. Paired T-Test was used to compare differences in measurements between the two image modalities. Results: According to paired t-test results no statistically significant differences were found between the two set of measurements except Articular Angle, Gonial Angle (Ar-Go-Me) and Ramus Height (Ar-Go) (P<0.05). Since in all cases the interval between LC and CBCT imaging was short (3.5 months ± 2) and treatment has began after CBCT imaging, neither growth nor treatment was the cause of these differences. It could be supposed that the technical positioning errors in LCs of some patients might be the cause. Conclusions: LC could successfully be replaced by GLC. Since we can select the best orientation of the skull before generating GLC from CBCT DICOM files, GLC could be more reliable than LC.
Tahereh Hosseinzadeh-Nik; Seyed Amir Reza Fatahi Meybodi; Negin Shahsavari
Abstract
Aim: This article is aimed at geometrical evaluation of antero-posterior displacement of incisor inferioris (Ii) and pogonion (Pog) following mandibular rotation and introducing a simple method to predict post surgical Holdaway ratio to evaluate the need for genioplasty.Materials and Method: First the ...
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Aim: This article is aimed at geometrical evaluation of antero-posterior displacement of incisor inferioris (Ii) and pogonion (Pog) following mandibular rotation and introducing a simple method to predict post surgical Holdaway ratio to evaluate the need for genioplasty.Materials and Method: First the geometrical factors affecting the displacement of a landmark following the mandibular rotation are discussed; namely α (the amount of mandibular rotation), r (the distance of the landmark from the center of rotation), and θ (the angle of the radius of the landmark from true horizontal line), Then the amount of displacement is calculated as d=2r[sirt(α/2)sin(α/2+θ)]. Finally prediction method of post surgical Holdaway ratio is described as adding the amount of "d " for Pog and Ii to pre surgical Holdaway ratio. This ratio in addition to position of Pog relative to facial skelton was used to predict the need for genioplasty. The application of this method is also demonstrated on an open bite patient as an example and the outcome is compared with manual prediction method.Results: The described method predicted the need for genioplasty the same way as manual prediction method.Conclusion: The geometrical prediction method can be of great value in determining the need of genioplasty following surgical mandibular rotation.
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Nasrin Farhadian; Marjan Tadjbakhsh
Abstract
Introduction: There are several studies to evaluate lento-skeletal changes after treatment of skeletal class 2 malocclusion with Dr Farmand's functional appliance but in non of them facial harmony has been considered. The purpose of the present study is evaluation of facial harmony in addition to dentoskeletal ...
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Introduction: There are several studies to evaluate lento-skeletal changes after treatment of skeletal class 2 malocclusion with Dr Farmand's functional appliance but in non of them facial harmony has been considered. The purpose of the present study is evaluation of facial harmony in addition to dentoskeletal changes after treatment with Dr Farmand 's functional appliance.Materials and Methods: Initial and final cephalograms of eighteen treated skeletal class 2 div 1 patients have been selected. All of them had been treated with Farmand's appliance before termination of growth spurt. Each cephalogram was separately traced two times. Means of before and after treatment data were compared with paired t-test.Results: Skeletal class 2 relationship has been successfully corrected through decreasing ANB angle (1.88±1.75, p=0.00), 66 and angle of convexity(-1.47±1.21 , p=0.00), and Also dental changes (upper incisor retrusion and lower incisor protrusion) were occurred (decrease of U1 to SN was -4.77±4.71 , p=0.00 and increase in IMPA was +3.93±2.87 ,p=0.00). Soft tissue changes involved retrusion of upper lip to E-line (-2.86±1.88, p=0.00) and decrease of upper sulcus dept (-1.55±2.04, p=0.005) and lower sulcus dept (-2.44±1.85 ,p=0.00) which played an important role in improvement of facial harmony . Lower lip was placed more anteriorly relative to H-line (1.37±1.48 p=0.001) which is not desirable in profile harmony.Conclusion: Dr Farmand's functional appliance is effective in treating skeletal class 2 patients by producing skeletal as well as dental improvement. Soft tissue harmony also is improved but final position of lower lip must be regarded more carefully.
Tahereh Hosseinzadeh-Nik; Shahin Nouroozi; Darab Gholami-Borrujeni; Negin Shahsavari
Abstract
Objective: An orthodontic treatment planning program in a specific society requires information on the orthodontic treatment needs of the population. The aims of this study were to compare the student, parent and clinician normative need and demand for orthodontic treatment between 12 and 17 years old ...
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Objective: An orthodontic treatment planning program in a specific society requires information on the orthodontic treatment needs of the population. The aims of this study were to compare the student, parent and clinician normative need and demand for orthodontic treatment between 12 and 17 years old groups in a sample of Iranian students using the IOTN.
Material and Methods: A sample of 846 students including 419 students of 12 years old and 427 students of 17 years old was selected randomly from schools in Abade. A questionnaire of family socioeconomic status was proposed to the parents. All the students were examined according to the Aesthetic and Dental Health components (AC and DHC) of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Students' and parents' perceived need was also assessed using AC. Then the measurements of IOTN in both groups were compared in each component and the demands of each group were also compared with each other.
Results: According to DHC classification, 22.3% of 12 years old students and 18.7% of 17 years old students were categorized in the "no need" group; 29.5% of 12 years old and 35.6% of 17 years old students in the "border line" group and 48.2% of 12 years old group and 45.7% of 17 years old group in the "definite need" group. According to AC, in 12 years old students, the "no need", "border line" and "definite" groups included 61.9 %, 29% and 9.1% of students in turn. On the other hand, the same categories in 17 years old students assessed by the dentist were 66%, 30.2% and 3.7% respectively. (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The treatment need based on DHC and AC scores of IOTN did not differ between 12 and 17 years old groups significantly but the demand for orthodontic treatment in "definitive need" category was more in 12 years old group.
Zohreh Hedayati; Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar; Ashkan Bagheri
Abstract
Background and Aim: Age estimation may be needed to plan treatment procedures in pedodontic, and orthodontics. Third molar is the last and most variable tooth to develop and may be used for age estimation in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between chronological age ...
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Background and Aim: Age estimation may be needed to plan treatment procedures in pedodontic, and orthodontics. Third molar is the last and most variable tooth to develop and may be used for age estimation in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between chronological age and developmental stages of the mandibular third molar in a population of south Iran.Method: The Demirjian’s classification system was used to evaluate the developmental status of the mandibular third molars on the 500 panoramic radiographs of orthodontic patients. The age range of patients was 12 to 20 years. Mean and Standard deviations of Chronological age for each developmental stages were calculated. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tuckey HSD test were used to compare the mean age and developmental stages of molar teeth. The age differences in the developmental stages between the genders was assessed. Correlation between calcification stages of the third molars and age was determined.Results: Crown calcification was completed at the mean age of 13.8 years, and root formation without apex closure was observed at the mean age of 17.5 years. At a mean age of 18.4 years apex closure was occurred. Males were advanced in the most of stages of calcification. A strong correlation between developmental stages of the lower third molars and chronological age was found in both genders.Conclusion: The present investigation could provide reference data for third molar development in our population. Developmental stages of mandibular third molars showed a strong correlation with age. The lower third molars developed earlier in males than females.
