Cephalometry
Hosur Krishnaiah Vedavathi; Priyanka Roy; Prasanna Kumar P Shashanka; Sowmya Kyathanahalli Subbaiah
Abstract
Aim: Frankfurt horizontal and Sella-Nasion lines are the most widely accepted and used landmarks in cephalometric analysis. This study investigates the use of the Orbito-Condylion line extending from the Orbitale to the Condylion as a novel horizontal line for substituting the Frankfurt horizontal line. ...
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Aim: Frankfurt horizontal and Sella-Nasion lines are the most widely accepted and used landmarks in cephalometric analysis. This study investigates the use of the Orbito-Condylion line extending from the Orbitale to the Condylion as a novel horizontal line for substituting the Frankfurt horizontal line. Similarly, the evaluation of the Orbito-Basion line as an alternative to the Sella-Nasion line in cephalometric analysis was done. We evaluated the reproducibility of the new horizontal lines and measured the angle between the Orbito-Condylion line and the Frankfurt line; and the angle between the Sella-Nasion and Orbitale-Basion line.Methods: This investigation was carried out on 30 individuals. The Porion, Orbitale, Condylion, Sella, Nasion, and Basion were identified and marked. The angles between the orbito-meatal line (inferior orbital rim to the Porion; the Frankfurt line) and the Orbito-Condylion line (inferior orbital rim to the Condylion) were measured. Likewise, the angles between the Sella-Nasion line (center of sella tursica to Nasion) and the Orbito-Basion line (inferior orbital rim to Basion) were measured.Results: Significant interobserver and intraobserver bias did not exist. The mean angle between the Frankfurt line and Orbito-Condylion line was 0.5°±2.27° and the mean angle between the Sella-Nasion line and Orbito-Basion line was 3.48°±3.11°.Conclusion: This study showed the new lines have good reproducibility, reliability, and efficacy. The Orbito-Condylion and Orbito-Basion lines are reliable, reproducible, and easily identifiable, and has the potential as novel standard horizontal lines to supersede or complement the Frankfurt line and Sella-Nasion line in anthropological studies and clinical applications.
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Nasrin Farhadian; Marjan Tadjbakhsh
Abstract
Introduction: There are several studies to evaluate lento-skeletal changes after treatment of skeletal class 2 malocclusion with Dr Farmand's functional appliance but in non of them facial harmony has been considered. The purpose of the present study is evaluation of facial harmony in addition to dentoskeletal ...
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Introduction: There are several studies to evaluate lento-skeletal changes after treatment of skeletal class 2 malocclusion with Dr Farmand's functional appliance but in non of them facial harmony has been considered. The purpose of the present study is evaluation of facial harmony in addition to dentoskeletal changes after treatment with Dr Farmand 's functional appliance.Materials and Methods: Initial and final cephalograms of eighteen treated skeletal class 2 div 1 patients have been selected. All of them had been treated with Farmand's appliance before termination of growth spurt. Each cephalogram was separately traced two times. Means of before and after treatment data were compared with paired t-test.Results: Skeletal class 2 relationship has been successfully corrected through decreasing ANB angle (1.88±1.75, p=0.00), 66 and angle of convexity(-1.47±1.21 , p=0.00), and Also dental changes (upper incisor retrusion and lower incisor protrusion) were occurred (decrease of U1 to SN was -4.77±4.71 , p=0.00 and increase in IMPA was +3.93±2.87 ,p=0.00). Soft tissue changes involved retrusion of upper lip to E-line (-2.86±1.88, p=0.00) and decrease of upper sulcus dept (-1.55±2.04, p=0.005) and lower sulcus dept (-2.44±1.85 ,p=0.00) which played an important role in improvement of facial harmony . Lower lip was placed more anteriorly relative to H-line (1.37±1.48 p=0.001) which is not desirable in profile harmony.Conclusion: Dr Farmand's functional appliance is effective in treating skeletal class 2 patients by producing skeletal as well as dental improvement. Soft tissue harmony also is improved but final position of lower lip must be regarded more carefully.