Microbiology
Arezoo Jahanbin; Mostafa Entezari; Erfan Bardideh
Abstract
Aim: Droplets and aerosols are the main source of transmission and rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide. Topical mouthwashes and oronasal irrigation are recommended as ways of preventing airborne transmission to health care professionals. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the changes of COVID 19 viral ...
Read More
Aim: Droplets and aerosols are the main source of transmission and rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide. Topical mouthwashes and oronasal irrigation are recommended as ways of preventing airborne transmission to health care professionals. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the changes of COVID 19 viral load after administration of different mouthwashes.Methods: An electronic search was undertaken including the following databases: Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Search for grey literature, and hand search for relevant studies was also performed. The quality of included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were assessed using the Cochrane Collaborations. Afterward, the relevant data from the included studies was extracted. Inverse-variance random-effects meta-analysis was performed to compare the effects of different types of mouthwashes on COVID viral presence.Results: After screening 1437 studies, 10 randomized clinical trials were finally selected. A total of 884 patients were assessed in these studies. The meta-analysis revealed the Cyclic Threshold (CT) values increased after the use of mouthwashes (MD=2.00, 95%CI= 0.51, 3.49, P<0.05). Considering the CT values are inversely correlated to the viral load, the result means the use of mouthwashes decreases the viral load in the saliva. This study also showed that increase of CT values was statistically significant for Povidone Iodine mouthwash (MD=4.08, 95%CI= 0.13, 8.02, P<0.05); however, Cetylpyridinium Chloride and Chlorhexidine Gluconate mouthwashes non-significantly (P value>0.05) reduced viral load in the saliva of patients with COVID 19.Conclusion: According to the result of this study, the use of mouthwashes reduces the viral load of saliva in patients with COVID 19. In addition to basic precautions for preventing the transmission of COVID 19, using mouthwashes may be a reasonable way to decrease the risk of disease transmission to medical staff.
Cleft Lip and Palate
Arezoo Jahanbin; Farzaneh Lal Alizadeh; Zeinab Ghasemi; Mohammad Reza Fayyazi Bordbar; Reza Shojaeian
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the quality of life of mothers with children born with cleft lip and palate versus mothers with normal children.Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical), 23 mothers of 1 to 3 months old infants with non-syndromic unilateral ...
Read More
Objective: This study aimed to compare the quality of life of mothers with children born with cleft lip and palate versus mothers with normal children.Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical), 23 mothers of 1 to 3 months old infants with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate as well as 23 mothers of normal, non-cleft infants as control group were assessed through the standard quality of life SF-36 questionnaire. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software (version 16).Descriptive statistical analysis (mean, percentage, and standard deviation) and analytical statistical test (independent t-test) were used. (P-value <0.05 was considered as significant.)Results: Present study showed the average quality of life score of mothers of infants with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate was 64.49. Also, the average quality of life score in the control group was 67.06. The mean quality of life of the two groups did not have any statistically significant differences (P =0.597).Also, there was no significant difference between the mothers of affected infants and the control group in eight scopes of the questionnaire including general health, physical function, limitation of role play due to physical reasons, limitation of role play for emotional reasons, social function, physical pain, fatigue or cheerfulness, and mental health (P >0.05). Moreover, both groups had a weak level in terms of role limitation due to physical reasons.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, both groups did not show a high level of quality of life. Awareness of this issue can guide to providing the necessary social support for all mothers with newborn infants, especially mothers of infants with congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate.
Neda Eslami; Farid Sharifi; Athar Nasseri; Arezoo Jahanbin
Abstract
Background: There is great controversy regarding the effect of MBT and Damon bracket systems on dental arch dimensions and incisor position.
Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of two different brackets (MBT and Damon) on dental arch dimensions and incisors position after orthodontic treatment.
Methods: ...
Read More
Background: There is great controversy regarding the effect of MBT and Damon bracket systems on dental arch dimensions and incisor position.
Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of two different brackets (MBT and Damon) on dental arch dimensions and incisors position after orthodontic treatment.
Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of 20 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with MBT or Damon bracket systems were studied. All patients had class I skeletal and dental malocclusion and were treated without extraction. The patients were treated either with Damon or MBT bracket systems (n = 10). Lateral cephalograms were traced using the Dolphin software to determine the position of incisors. In addition, transverse dimensions of dental arches were measured on occlusal photographs. Fishers’ exact test, independent-test, Man-Whitney, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was set as significant.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, and initial values of the variables studied. U1-Apog (mm), upper inter-canine, lower inter-second premolar distance showed a significant difference before and after treatment in the Damon system. However, no significant difference was observed between initial and post-treatment values in the MBT group. L1-Apog (°), IMPA (°), maxillary inter-first and second premolars, inter-canine, and mandibular inter-canine distance was higher in the Damon system after treatment compared to MBT. Changes of the upper and lower transverse dimensions of the dental arches and the incisor positional did not reveal a notable difference in the Damon and MBT systems (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: There was no significant difference regarding changes in dental arches and incisor positions between the Damon and MBT systems.
Arezoo Jahanbin; Habibollah Esmaily; Yasaman Sardari
Abstract
Aim: A successful orthodontic treatment depends on a variety of Factors such as patient cooperation. Prediction of patient cooperation could be helpful for anticipating problems that might arise during treatment and alleviating them before they can interfere with treatment. Thus the aim of present study ...
Read More
Aim: A successful orthodontic treatment depends on a variety of Factors such as patient cooperation. Prediction of patient cooperation could be helpful for anticipating problems that might arise during treatment and alleviating them before they can interfere with treatment. Thus the aim of present study was to determine the relationship between psychological factors and cooperation of orthodontic patients.Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 48 Class I female fixed orthodontic patients (13-17 years old) were selected. For all patients Eyesenck questionnaires were completed and personality status of each patient for extroversion, neuroticism, psychoyicism and lie was determined. Patients' cooperation was also assessed through evaluating patients' folders in the first year after treatment using Orthodontic Patient Cooperation Scale. Finally, Spearman correlation test and t- test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The results of present study revealed that there exists a negative relationship between Extraversion (E), Neurosis (N) and Psychosis(P) traits of the Juvenile Eyesenck Personality Test(See Appendix) with patients' cooperation in the girls and a positive relationship between Lying trait(L) of the test and the cooperation. However, the results of Spearman correlation test showed there were no significant differences between patients' cooperation and PEN and L trails of the Juvenile Eyesenck Personality Test (p-value> 0.05).Conclusion: Orthodontic patients' psychological features could not predict their cooperation exactly.
Arezoo Jahanbin; Habibollah Esmaily; Yasaman Sardari; Maryam Poosti; Mahdiyeh Kazemian
Abstract
Aim: The aim of modem orthodontic treatments is to improve facial esthetics as well as dental occlusion and create an attractive smile. The purpose of the present study was to assess lip line in deep bite patients in comparison to the normal situation.Materials and methods: Twenty young (18-24 years) ...
Read More
Aim: The aim of modem orthodontic treatments is to improve facial esthetics as well as dental occlusion and create an attractive smile. The purpose of the present study was to assess lip line in deep bite patients in comparison to the normal situation.Materials and methods: Twenty young (18-24 years) females with anterior deep bite (vertical overlap of upper teeth was more than one third of lower teeth height) participated in this study. Two Standard photographs in frontal view were taken in rest position and posed smile. Incisor show was measured in these two gestures in photoshop program. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze data.Results: The average incisor show in our deep bite patients was 76.5% of central tooth crown total height. In 35% of our patients less than 70% of the incisor height was exposed during posed smile, and in 75% of the cases incisor teeth were not seen in rest position.Conclusion: Incisor show was less than minimum level of smile attractiveness in 35% of deep bite patients and the incisors were not seen at rest in 75% of these patients.
