Nasrin Farhadian; Zahra Shahrokhi
Abstract
Background and aim: Cleft lip and palate is a common craniofacial congenital malformation. Treatment of this deformity has always been a matter of great concern for physicians and specialists. Data on the incidence and prevalence rate of this condition can help medical authorities plan for the healthcare ...
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Background and aim: Cleft lip and palate is a common craniofacial congenital malformation. Treatment of this deformity has always been a matter of great concern for physicians and specialists. Data on the incidence and prevalence rate of this condition can help medical authorities plan for the healthcare of these patients. Present study aimed to determine the incidence rate and related risk factors of cleft lip and palate in Hamadan province in 2007.
Materials and methods: In this study, 29,822 newborns were evaluated in Hamadan Province hospitals, Iran. Variables such as neonatal gender, parents’ occupations, place of residence, family background, parental consanguinity, and neonatal co-occurring disorders, as well as maternal factors such as age at pregnancy, diseases during pregnancy, medications, drug abuse, smoking, alcohol consumption, radiography, and radiotherapy during pregnancy were recorded. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results: 25 neonates (14 male and 11 female subjects) were born with various forms of cleft lip and cleft palate. The incidence rate was 0.83 per 1000 live births. Cleft lip and palate (bi or unilateral) and isolated cleft palate were the most and least frequently reported cases, respectively. In total, 28% of the newborns presented with other co-occurring disorders. Consanguineous marriage was reported in approximately 28% of the neonates’ parents and 12% of the mothers used medications such as phenytoin, imipramine, and trifluoperazine during pregnancy. Conclusion: The incidence rate of cleft lip and palate was close to the average global rate and reports in European and East Asian countries. The incidence rate of clefts was higher in males, compared to females. According to the results, parental consanguinity and mother’s medication, especially at the beginning of pregnancy, are regarded as risk factors for cleft lip and palate.
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Mohammad Atai; K. Mansouri; Nasrin Farhadian
Abstract
Background and aim: Present in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of nanosilver incorporation on antibacterial properties and Bracket Bond Strength (BBS) of orthodontic composite resin. Materials and methods: A light curing composite resin was mixed with metallic nanosilver to obtain ...
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Background and aim: Present in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of nanosilver incorporation on antibacterial properties and Bracket Bond Strength (BBS) of orthodontic composite resin. Materials and methods: A light curing composite resin was mixed with metallic nanosilver to obtain final concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2.5% (wt/wt). Scanning electron microscopy (TESCAN, VEGA II, XMU, Czech Republic) was used to confirm the uniform distribution of nanoparticles in resin matrix. Thirty disk type specimens (4.0 × 1.0mm) were prepared for each group. Antibacterial activity was determined by evaluation of bacterial growth in suspension media versus growth in direct contact with specimens. BBS and bond failure interface (ARI) were evaluated and compared between the specimens. Bacterial activity of control group compared with the group with maximum antibacterial activity. Results: There were no significant differences in bacterial growth in any specimens in suspension media (P=0.623). The results of second method (direct contact) showed significant differences between all groups (P<0.001). Specimens with maximum antibacterial activity (containing 1% nanosilver) and control group had no significant difference in the BBS (P=0.455). ARI was completely identical in these two groups. Conclusions: Nanosilver containing composite could confer surface antibacterial activity without significant difference on BBS and ARI.
Amirfarhang Miresmaili; Nasrin Farhadian; Sanaz Soheilifar
Abstract
Aim: Class Ill skeletal deformity may be the result of mandibular prognathism and/or maxillary deficiency. In adult patients , orthognathic surgery is used for treatment. Historically, the surgical correction of class III deformities was achieved just by mandibular setback, but nowadays other methods ...
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Aim: Class Ill skeletal deformity may be the result of mandibular prognathism and/or maxillary deficiency. In adult patients , orthognathic surgery is used for treatment. Historically, the surgical correction of class III deformities was achieved just by mandibular setback, but nowadays other methods of surgery are used. Orthosurgery treatments, in addition to improvement in masticatory function, occlusion and esthetics, may lead to changes in upper airway dimensions, position of hyoid, tongue and soft palate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cephalometric changes in upper airway dimensions of skeletal class III patients following orthodontic treatment and bimaxillary surgery.
Material and methods: In this retrospective study, pre-treatment and post-treatment (6-12 months after surgery) lateral cephalograms of skeletal class III patients were used for analysis. All of the patients of a private office in Hamadan who had the inclusion criteria were selected. Cephalograms were traced manually. All the measurements were done with ruler.Then paired t test was used for analysing the data.
Results: Changes in upper airway linear measurements, position of hyoid, base of tongue, soft palate size and angle. and craniocervical angle, were not statistically significant (p>0.05). But there was a significant increase in nasopharynx and oropharynx surface area (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment with bimaxillay surgery in surgical class III cases can increase surface area of oropharynx and nasopharynx, and it seems that there is no risk factor for breathing disorders.
Nasrin Farhadian; Amir H. Momeni
Abstract
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners ...
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Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners on treat-ing the mild to moderate crowding.Materials and Method: Three teenage patients with crowding not more than 6 millimeters were select-ed. After the preparation of orthodontic diagnostic records and filling the periodontal chart, manual teeth setup was carried out on working casts with a maximum 0.5 millimeter displacement. Aligners were made up of bioplast foils. The appliance was worn by patient full time for at least 2 weeks. Then the new one was made and this procedure was continued until complete tooth alignment. The last aligner was used as retainer for three months later. These variables were evaluated after treatment : dental alignment , over jet . overbite, inclination of upper & lower incisors, lips relation to E line, mandibular plan angle, clicking in TMJ, periodontal status and tooth pain. Active treatment period lasted between 3-5 months.Results: Anterior crowding was completely corrected in all patients. Protrusion of upper & lower incisors were seen in lateral cephalograms. Overbite, mandibular plan angle and lips relation to E line did not change. Improvement of periodontal status were recorded in all patients. Low to moderate toothache was reported during the first 2 days .Conclusion: Mild to moderate crowding could be corrected successfully with soft elastic foils (Serial Aligners) without deleterious effects on TMJ and periodontium however manual tooth setup was time consuming. (IJO 2006; 1: 75 - 78)
Amirfarhang Miresmaeili; Nasrin Farhadian; Khosrou Mani Kashani; Hamidreza Moradi
Abstract
Aim: Lips-Dentition relationships play a special role during smile. Present study compared the relationship of lips and teeth during posed smile in subjects with normal occlusion, class 1 malocclusion and non-extraction treated cases.
Materials and methods: 20 cases with normal occlusion according to ...
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Aim: Lips-Dentition relationships play a special role during smile. Present study compared the relationship of lips and teeth during posed smile in subjects with normal occlusion, class 1 malocclusion and non-extraction treated cases.
Materials and methods: 20 cases with normal occlusion according to Andrews' and without facial malformation (N), 22 cases with moderate crowding (C 1) and 12 well treated patients without any extraction and facial malformation (T) with the age between 15 — 20 years old were selected. One photograph in rest position and another in posed smiling were taken in standard position. 12 variables on photos were measured by use of a smile mesh. ANOVA and Krukal-wallis tests were used for analysis.
Results: Commissure width and Smile width was significantly greater in group N than groups Cl and T (P<0.001). Upper lip curvature in non-extraction treated group was concave but in others were convex (P<0.022). Inter-canine width in group N was significantly higher than treated patients (P<0.03).
Conclusion: There is a direct relation between anatomic form of lips in rest and in smiling. Orthodontic treatment can cause some changes in lips form during smiling (IJO 2006; 1:163-7).
Nasrin Farhadian; Amir H. Momeni
Abstract
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners ...
Read More
Aim: Everyday because of developing new materials and techniques, more adults become interested in orthodontic treatments. Soft positioner and its new generation in the name of Invisalign System is an example. The present case report was designed to study the effects of soft elastic foils as serial aligners on treat-ing the mild to moderate crowding.
Materials and Method: Three teenage patients with crowding not more than 6 millimeters were select-ed. After the preparation of orthodontic diagnostic records and filling the periodontal chart, manual teeth setup was carried out on working casts with a maximum 0.5 millimeter displacement. Aligners were made up of bioplast foils. The appliance was worn by patient full time for at least 2 weeks. Then the new one was made and this procedure was continued until complete tooth alignment. The last aligner was used as retainer for three months later. These variables were evaluated after treatment : dental alignment , over jet . overbite, inclination of upper & lower incisors, lips relation to E line, mandibular plan angle, clicking in TMJ, periodontal status and tooth pain. Active treatment period lasted between 3-5 months.
Results: Anterior crowding was completely corrected in all patients. Protrusion of upper & lower incisors were seen in lateral cephalograms. Overbite, mandibular plan angle and lips relation to E line did not change. Improvement of periodontal status were recorded in all patients. Low to moderate toothache was reported during the first 2 days .
Conclusion: Mild to moderate crowding could be corrected successfully with soft elastic foils (Serial Aligners) without deleterious effects on TMJ and periodontium however manual tooth setup was time consuming. (IJO 2006; 1: 75 - 78)
